Translation Process in Protein Biosynthesis
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Questions and Answers

What is the compound formed when an amino acid combines with a molecule of ATP during amino acid activation?

  • Nucleotide sequence
  • Polypeptide chain
  • Aminoacyl-tRNA complex
  • Aminoacyl adenylate (correct)

    • Which component is responsible for forming the corresponding charged tRNA in the translation process?

  • Amino acid
  • rRNA molecule
  • mRNA strand
  • Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (correct)

    • In the genetic code, how is the information in the linear sequence of nucleotides translated into proteins?

  • By direct interaction with rRNA
  • Via translation involving tRNA (correct)
  • By direct binding to amino acids
  • Through transcription into mRNA

    • What is the specific role of rRNA in protein biosynthesis?

    <p>Serving as a structural component of ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule remains on the surface of the enzyme before forming the charged tRNA complex?

    <p>Aminoacyl adenylate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of tRNA that allows it to be highly specific for a particular amino acid?

    <p>Anticodon sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of the genetic code allows for more than one triplet to code for the same amino acid?

    <p>Degenerate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component carries the genetic instructions from the nucleus to the ribosomes during protein synthesis?

    <p>mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of tRNA during translation in protein synthesis?

    <p>Decoding the mRNA sequence to amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the genetic code, which term describes the feature where no bases are shared between consecutive codons?

    <p>Nonoverlapping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of rRNA in protein synthesis?

    <p>Structural and catalytic role in ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which key aspect of amino acid translation is ensured by the sequence of triplet groups on mRNA?

    <p>Amino acid specificity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a release factor during translation termination?

    <p>Hydrolyzes the bond between the peptide and tRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about tRNA in relation to translation termination?

    <p>Has no corresponding tRNA carrier molecules for termination codons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of rRNA in protein synthesis?

    <p>Forms the structure of ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines whether mRNA is formed from a certain segment of DNA?

    <p>Binding of repressor to the operator site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What turns DNA 'OFF' during protein synthesis?

    <p>Binding of repressor to DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a post-translational modification that may occur before a protein becomes fully functional?

    <p>Cleavage of f-met</p> Signup and view all the answers

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