18 Questions
What is the compound formed when an amino acid combines with a molecule of ATP during amino acid activation?
Aminoacyl adenylate
Which component is responsible for forming the corresponding charged tRNA in the translation process?
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
In the genetic code, how is the information in the linear sequence of nucleotides translated into proteins?
Via translation involving tRNA
What is the specific role of rRNA in protein biosynthesis?
Serving as a structural component of ribosomes
Which molecule remains on the surface of the enzyme before forming the charged tRNA complex?
Aminoacyl adenylate
What is the main characteristic of tRNA that allows it to be highly specific for a particular amino acid?
Anticodon sequence
What characteristic of the genetic code allows for more than one triplet to code for the same amino acid?
Degenerate
Which component carries the genetic instructions from the nucleus to the ribosomes during protein synthesis?
mRNA
What is the main role of tRNA during translation in protein synthesis?
Decoding the mRNA sequence to amino acids
In the genetic code, which term describes the feature where no bases are shared between consecutive codons?
Nonoverlapping
What is the primary function of rRNA in protein synthesis?
Structural and catalytic role in ribosomes
Which key aspect of amino acid translation is ensured by the sequence of triplet groups on mRNA?
Amino acid specificity
What is the function of a release factor during translation termination?
Hydrolyzes the bond between the peptide and tRNA
Which of the following is true about tRNA in relation to translation termination?
Has no corresponding tRNA carrier molecules for termination codons
What is the role of rRNA in protein synthesis?
Forms the structure of ribosomes
What determines whether mRNA is formed from a certain segment of DNA?
Binding of repressor to the operator site
What turns DNA 'OFF' during protein synthesis?
Binding of repressor to DNA
Which of the following is a post-translational modification that may occur before a protein becomes fully functional?
Cleavage of f-met
Learn about the translation process in protein biosynthesis, where genetic information from mRNA is converted into a sequence of amino acids for protein synthesis. Understand the steps involved in eukaryotes for this essential biological process.
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