Translation Process in Protein Synthesis
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of mRNA in translation?

  • Adding amino acids to the growing chain during elongation
  • Carrying the genetic information for protein synthesis (correct)
  • Binding to the start codon during initiation
  • Reaching a stop codon to terminate translation
  • Which component is responsible for the synthesis of proteins during translation?

  • Ribosome (correct)
  • tRNA
  • mRNA
  • DNA
  • What is the role of tRNA during translation?

  • Binding to the start codon
  • Terminating translation
  • Adding amino acids to the growing chain (correct)
  • Reading each codon in turn
  • What are codons in the context of translation?

    <p>Three-letter combinations of nucleotides that code for amino acids or stop signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of translation involves adding each corresponding amino acid to the growing protein chain?

    <p>Elongation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What signifies the end of translation process in a ribosome?

    <p>Stop codon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves the decoding of the mRNA sequence to specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide?

    <p>Translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which codon acts as a start codon to signal the beginning of translation?

    <p>AUG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many possible codons exist, even though there are only 20 different amino acids commonly found in proteins?

    <p>64</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following amino acids can be specified by more than one codon?

    <p>Arginine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when the DNA sequence of a gene is copied to make an RNA molecule?

    <p>Transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "UAA", "UGA", and "UAG" act as which type of codons during translation?

    <p>Stop codons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of tRNA molecules during translation?

    <p>Recognizing codons on mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells?

    <p>Mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of meiosis in sexual reproduction?

    <p>It produces four haploid gamete cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the starting chromosome count in a parent cell undergoing meiosis?

    <p>Diploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final chromosome count in daughter cells after meiosis?

    <p>Half the parent cell count</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves one round of DNA replication followed by two cycles of nuclear division?

    <p>Meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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