23 Questions
What type of binding occurs between DNA bases in the double helix?
Hydrogen bonding
In protein synthesis, what do sequences of 3 RNA nucleotides represent?
Amino acids
What is the function of histone proteins in DNA structure?
Organizing DNA into a compact form
What is the significance of complementary base pairing in DNA?
It ensures accurate replication of genetic material
What is the sequence of bases in DNA that specifies each amino acid?
Codon
Where does protein synthesis occur in a cell?
Cytoplasm
What is the process of converting the genetic code carried by mRNA into a sequence of amino acids called?
Translation
What is the molecule that stores information on its sequence of nucleotides and instructs a cell to synthesize certain proteins?
DNA
What are the building blocks of DNA composed of?
Deoxyribose, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base
Which of the following correctly describes the structure of DNA?
Double-stranded molecule with two chains of nucleotides
What type of bond links the bases from the two complementary strands of DNA?
Hydrogen bond
What type of reactions make up cellular metabolism?
Both anabolic and catabolic reactions
Which process requires the production of ATP and involves smaller molecules being bound together to form larger ones?
Dehydration synthesis
What is the main function of catabolic reactions in the body?
To break down larger molecules to release energy
In the context of metabolism, what is the reverse of dehydration synthesis known as?
Hydrolysis
What is the main function of enzymes in chemical reactions?
They lower the activation energy needed to start reactions
How are enzymes able to recognize specific substrates in reactions?
By having a specific shape in their active site
In metabolic pathways, what is the role of the end product of a pathway?
It inhibits the rate-limiting enzyme through negative feedback
Why are many enzymes named after their substrates with ' -ase' as a suffix?
To highlight their specificity for a particular substrate
What is the main function of a cofactor in relation to enzymes?
Helping to fold the active site into proper conformation
Which of the following is an example of a coenzyme?
Vitamin C
What is the consequence of denaturation of an enzyme?
It becomes permanently inactive and unable to bind to a substrate
In cellular respiration, what is the main purpose of transferring energy from molecules?
To make it available for cellular use
Test your knowledge about the translation process in protein synthesis, including the role of mRNA, ribosomes, and amino acid sequences. This quiz covers the conversion of genetic code into a sequence of amino acids.
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