Questions and Answers
What cleared the way for eastern people to resettle in the deep south?
Indian Removal Act of 1830
By 1860, cotton exports made up _______ of all American exports.
60%
Which of the following numbers is closest to the number of enslaved people living in the South in 1860?
In the decades before the Civil War, between one-fifth and one-third of all slave marriages were broken up via _______________.
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What was the impact of Nat Turner's Rebellion?
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All of the following southern crops required cities to facilitate export, marketing, and or storage except:
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Where was the southern middle class the strongest?
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In which region was the ethnic homogeneity the strongest among enslaved people?
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Which African country was founded by African Americans?
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Why did Celia kill her enslaver?
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What happened to Nat Turner?
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How did evangelicalism influence racial relations in the U.S. South?
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What was the function of southern dueling?
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Which of the following best describes the relationship of femininity and domesticity in the South?
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In a world of racialized violence and dominance, southern society sought to protect the sexual purity of:
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Study Notes
Indian Removal and Social Dynamics
- The Indian Removal Act of 1830 facilitated the relocation of eastern populations into the deep South, impacting Native Americans adversely.
- By 1860, cotton exports accounted for 60% of all American exports, emphasizing the economy's reliance on this cash crop.
Enslavement and Marital Disruption
- Approximately 4 million enslaved individuals were living in the South by 1860, highlighting the significant population of enslaved people.
- Between one-fifth and one-third of enslaved marriages were disrupted through sale or forced migration, reflecting the harsh realities of slavery.
Nat Turner's Rebellion and Its Consequences
- Nat Turner's Rebellion led to a series of significant repercussions, including the disbandment of Black-led churches, stricter anti-literacy laws, and a transformation in southern religious practices.
- The rebellion underscored the heightened tension around slavery and resulted in a greater push for oppressive measures against enslaved people.
Southern Economic Structure
- Southern cities were vital for the export, marketing, and storage of crops such as cotton, rice, and wheat.
- The region's economy was heavily reliant on urban centers to facilitate agricultural commerce.
Social Classes and Demographics
- The southern middle class was most pronounced in southern cities, indicating a developing urban society.
- Ethnic homogeneity among enslaved people was strongest in coastal South Carolina, showcasing regional variations in demographics.
African American Identity and Resilience
- Liberia was founded by African Americans seeking autonomy and a return to Africa, symbolizing a complex relationship with American identity.
- Celia’s act of killing her enslaver was a desperate measure to escape rape, highlighting the extent of violence faced by enslaved women.
Religious Influence and Racial Relations
- Evangelicalism played a dual role by reinforcing pro-slavery ideals while increasing Protestantism among African Americans and fostering bi-racial congregations, shaping religious landscapes.
Honor and Gender Roles
- Southern dueling was rooted in the need to preserve the honor of participants, reflecting cultural values related to masculinity.
- The concept of domesticity constrained the public engagement of affluent white women, tying femininity to private spheres and social expectations.
- Southern society’s focus on protecting the sexual purity of white women indicated racial and gendered tensions within the landscape of violence and dominance.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards based on Chapter 11 of The American Yawp. This chapter covers key events leading to the Civil War, including Indian Removal and the cotton economy. Perfect for understanding the socio-political climate of antebellum America.
