Taiwan Earthquake Civil Engineering Damage
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Questions and Answers

What caused the dam failure northeast of Tai-Chung?

  • Heavy rainfall prior to the earthquake
  • Construction defects in the dam
  • Seismic waves from the earthquake (correct)
  • Strong winds post-earthquake

    • How much did the southern end of the dam near Tai-Chung displace upwards due to the earthquake?

  • 9 to 10 meters (30 to 33 feet) (correct)
  • 15 to 18 meters (49 to 59 feet)
  • 1 to 2 meters (3 to 6 feet)
  • 5 to 6 meters (16 to 20 feet)

    • Where was the Kuang Fu Elementary School located?

  • Taipei city center
  • Northwest of Taipei
  • Tai-Chung, Taiwan (correct)
  • South of Chi-chi town

    • What caused as much as a 3-meter (10-foot) ground displacement in some parts of the Kuang Fu Elementary School?

    <p>Large fault rupture associated with the earthquake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the building at Kuang Fu Elementary School remained standing despite the earthquake?

    <p>Immediately adjacent to the surface fault rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect did the fault rupture have on the span between columns in a building at Kuang Fu Elementary School?

    <p>It reduced the span.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is resonance in the context of buildings?

    <p>A condition when the period of earthquake-induced ground shaking matches the natural period of building vibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes damage in T-shaped buildings according to the text?

    <p>Damage happens where the two segments of the T-shaped building join together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of structure responds most to high-period ground shaking?

    <p>Tall buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines if resonance is expected to occur in a building?

    <p>The match in period of earthquake-induced ground motion and natural period of building vibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can a response spectrum be used in relation to earthquake ground motion?

    <p>To assess the nature of the earthquake ground motion on a structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a rule of thumb mentioned for estimating the natural period of vibration for a building?

    <p>$0.1 \times$ the number of stories in a building</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caused the collapse of the 1st floor of the Community Mental Health Building at the Olive View Hospital complex?

    <p>Soft/weak 1st story created by masonry walls at the 2nd floor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the columns at the lower levels of the main building at Olive View Hospital have large ductile capacity?

    <p>Presence of spiral reinforcement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What attributes did most of the buildings that collapsed in the 1995 Kobe earthquake have?

    <p>Weak lateral system, non-ductile material, and irregular structural configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was there a risk of fatalities at the Olive View Hospital complex after the 1971 San Fernando earthquake?

    <p>Near collapse of the main building and first floor collapse of another building</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is significant about the conditions that led to the collapse of buildings in the 1995 Kobe earthquake?

    <p>They no longer met Japanese building code requirements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What saved the lower floors of the main building at Olive View Hospital from likely collapse?

    <p>Spiral reinforcement in the columns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor was cited as a principal cause of the extensive damage experienced by the port facilities in the affected region?

    <p>Liquefaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many people were injured as a result of the earthquake?

    <p>More than 5000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of soil was most commonly used for the construction of liquefied fills in the affected region?

    <p>Decomposed granite soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened to nearly all of the container loading piers at the Port of Kobe due to the earthquake?

    <p>They were disrupted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did evidence of liquefaction extend along the waterfront east and west of Kobe?

    <p>Along the entire length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two man-made islands in Kobe harbor experienced liquefaction failures due to the earthquake?

    <p>Port Island and Rokko Island</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may occur due to reentrant corner irregularity during an earthquake?

    <p>Independent response of projecting wings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern associated with diaphragm discontinuity irregularity?

    <p>Redistribution of seismic forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does out-of-plane offset irregularity affect seismic analyses?

    <p>It increases demands on vertical elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does nonparallel system irregularity refer to?

    <p>Characteristics of the vertical elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which irregularity can result in torsional forces not normally considered in seismic design?

    <p>Diaphragm discontinuity irregularity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can concentration of forces at openings' boundaries be resolved in design?

    <p>By considering redistribution of forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

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