Surgical Procedures and Treatment Purposes Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of a prophylactic surgery?

Remove at-risk tissue (correct)

Relieve symptoms

Restore appearance or function

Remove tumor

Which procedure is an example of a supportive/palliative treatment?

Creation of a colostomy (correct)

Lumpectomy

Breast reconstruction

Thyroidectomy

What is a common symptom associated with end-stage complications of chest cancers?

Joint stiffness

Facial edema (correct)

Abdominal pain

Nausea

How should caregivers maintain safety around a patient with a radioactive implant?

Limit time spent near the patient Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cancer cells from normal cells in terms of recognition by the immune system?

Presence of unique antigens Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential microvascular complication of cancer treatment mentioned in the text?

Periorbital edema Signup and view all the answers

How can one distinguish between the Somogyi effect and Dawn phenomenon in a patient with diabetes?

Check fasting early morning glucose levels (2am-4am) for the Somogyi effect and blood sugar levels at night for the Dawn phenomenon. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for hypoglycemia?

Consume 15-20 grams of rapid-acting carbohydrates like glucose tablets or juice. Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'T' represent in the TNM staging system for cancer?

Size of the primary tumor Signup and view all the answers

In the TNM staging system, what does 'N0' indicate?

No lymph node involvement Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate care for a patient on Neutropenia precautions?

Use protective isolation and limit exposure to potential sources of infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested assessment for a severe allergic respiratory reaction?

Assessment of respiratory rate and effort Signup and view all the answers

What is the most dangerous complication for a patient with a stem cell transplant?

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) Signup and view all the answers

How can healthcare providers protect patients with stem cell transplants from Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)?

Use prophylactic medications and monitor for signs of GVHD. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of care should be consulted for a dying cancer patient to manage pain and symptoms?

Palliative care team or hospice care services Signup and view all the answers

What are the care instructions post radiation therapy to the skin?

Avoid rubbing or scratching the treated area. Signup and view all the answers

Which complication arises when an immune deficient person receives immunocompetent cells through a transfusion or transplant?

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using prophylactic medications in stem cell transplant patients?

To prevent GVHD Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cancer and Treatment

The main purpose of a prophylactic surgery is to prevent the development of cancer.
Supportive/palliative treatment is exemplified by the procedure of pain management, which aims to improve the quality of life for patients with cancer.

Care and Safety

Caregivers should maintain safety around a patient with a radioactive implant by following proper radiation safety protocols, including wearing protective gear and minimizing exposure.
To prevent infection, patients on Neutropenia precautions should be provided with the most appropriate care, including a private room, meticulous hand hygiene, and strict adherence to infection control measures.

Cancer Cells and Immune System

Cancer cells differ from normal cells in that they are not recognized by the immune system, allowing them to grow and multiply unchecked.

Complications and Reactions

A common symptom associated with end-stage complications of chest cancers is dyspnea (shortness of breath).
A potential microvascular complication of cancer treatment is thrombosis (blood clots).
The Somogyi effect and Dawn phenomenon in patients with diabetes can be distinguished by measuring the patient's glucose levels and assessing their symptoms.
Severe allergic respiratory reactions require immediate assessment, including checking the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs).

Cancer Staging and Treatment

The 'T' in the TNM staging system represents the tumor size and extent of local invasion.
In the TNM staging system, 'N0' indicates that there is no regional lymph node involvement.
The recommended treatment for hypoglycemia is to administer glucose or a sweet drink/snack.

Stem Cell Transplants and Care

The most dangerous complication for a patient with a stem cell transplant is Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
Healthcare providers can protect patients with stem cell transplants from GVHD by using prophylactic medications, such as immunosuppressants, and monitoring the patient's immune system.
The primary purpose of using prophylactic medications in stem cell transplant patients is to prevent GVHD.

Palliative Care and Pain Management

For a dying cancer patient, palliative care should be consulted to manage pain and symptoms, with a focus on improving the patient's quality of life.
Post radiation therapy, the skin should be cared for by avoiding sun exposure, using gentle cleansers, and applying moisturizers to prevent dryness and irritation.

Transfusions and Transplants

When an immune-deficient person receives immunocompetent cells through a transfusion or transplant, a complication that arises is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

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Description

Test your knowledge on different types of surgical procedures and their treatment purposes, such as diagnostic, curative, prophylactic, supportive/palliative, and reconstructive/rehabilitative. Learn about examples like prophylactic removal of non-vital organs for certain malignancies and supportive treatments like the creation of a colostomy.