Questions and Answers
What is one of the main functions of the skeletal system?
Which hormone is responsible for lowering blood calcium levels by promoting calcium storage in the bones?
What type of tissue is bone classified as?
What is the primary function of yellow bone marrow?
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What are the two main types of the skeletal system?
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Which of the following roles does the skeletal system NOT perform?
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What happens when parathyroid hormone (PTH) is secreted?
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Which of the following structures are NOT part of the skeletal system?
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What is the function of synovial fluid in synovial joints?
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Which type of arthritis is characterized by the build-up of excess fluid in the synovial cavity?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of osteoarthritis?
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What happens to the cartilage in joints affected by osteoarthritis?
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Who is primarily affected by osteoarthritis?
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Which of the following statements about rheumatoid arthritis is true?
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What condition is characterized by low calcium levels leading to weak bones?
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Which connective tissue connects two or more bones together?
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What type of joint allows for very little or no movement?
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Which of the following tissues connects muscles to bones?
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Which structure is found where two or more bones meet and provides flexibility?
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What is the primary function of cartilage within the skeletal system?
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Which type of joint is characterized by slight movement?
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What is primarily found in the outer covering of bones and gives them strength and flexibility?
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Study Notes
Structure and Functions of the Skeletal System
- Composed of 206 bones, along with cartilage, tendons, and ligaments, forming the body’s framework.
- Divided into two types: axial skeleton (skull, vertebral column, rib cage) and appendicular skeleton (limbs and girdles).
- Provides protection for internal organs (e.g., rib cage protects heart and lungs).
- Offers structure, support, and shape to the body.
- Facilitates movement through the interaction between muscles and bones.
- Produces blood cells in red bone marrow; yellow bone marrow stores fat.
- Acts as a storage site for excess minerals and fat.
Bone Tissue
- Bone is a connective tissue featuring osteocytes embedded in a hard matrix.
- The matrix consists of calcium salts for strength and collagen for flexibility.
Calcium Storage and Homeostasis
- Calcitonin: Hormone produced in the thyroid gland, reduces blood calcium levels by depositing calcium into bone.
- Parathyroid Hormone (PTH): Secreted by the parathyroid gland, increases blood calcium levels by releasing calcium from bones.
Disease Related to Calcium Storage
- Osteoporosis: A bone disease characterized by low calcium levels leading to weak, brittle bones, common in older age.
Accessory Structures of the Skeletal System
- Cartilage: Connective tissue offering support, more flexible than bone, found in joints, nose, and ears.
- Ligaments: Fibrous connective tissues connecting two or more bones, made of collagen and elastin, ensuring stability and support.
- Tendons: Connect muscles to bones, allowing movement; similar composition to ligaments.
- Joints: Points where two or more bones connect; provide flexibility and enable movement.
Types and Diseases of Joints
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Sutures: Immovable joints primarily found in the skull.
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Slightly Moveable Joints: Allow slight movement; an example is the joints between vertebrae.
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Synovial Joints: Most common type, allowing wide ranges of movement; characterized by a synovial cavity filled with synovial fluid for cushioning and smooth movement.
Diseases of the Joints
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Osteoarthritis: Degenerative joint disease where cartilage wears down, causing painful movement.
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Rheumatoid Arthritis: Autoimmune disorder characterized by excess fluid in the synovial cavity, leading to tissue destruction and inflammation; can affect individuals of any age without a cure.
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Description
Explore the essential components and roles of the skeletal system in this quiz. Learn about the 206 bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and how they work together to protect internal organs and facilitate movement. Discover the distinctions between the axial and appendicular skeletons, highlighting their functions in the human body.
