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Human Anatomy: Skeletal System
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Human Anatomy: Skeletal System

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the sutural ligament in the skull?

  • It provides movement to the mandible
  • It unites the bones of the skull at immobile joints (correct)
  • It forms the base of the skull
  • It separates the brain and meninges from the skull

    • How many bones are there in the cranium?

  • 8 paired and 2 unpaired bones (correct)
  • 10
  • 12
  • 8

    • What is the name of the joint that connects the mandible to the skull?

  • Facial joint
  • Sutural joint
  • Cranial joint
  • Temporomandibular joint (correct)

    • What is the name of the layer of bone between the external and internal tables of compact bone?

    <p>Diploë</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many bones are there in the facial bones?

    <p>10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the frontal bone?

    <p>It contains the frontal paranasal sinuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the bone that forms the lower jaw?

    <p>Mandible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the cavity that contains the brain and meninges?

    <p>Cranial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the glenoid fossa?

    <p>Articulates with the mandibular condyle to form the temporomandibular joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the temporal bone contains the auditory and vestibular apparatuses?

    <p>Petrous part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the zygomatic process?

    <p>Extends laterally and anteriorly to form the zygomatic arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many temporal bones are present in the human skull?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the dorsum sellae?

    <p>Square</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the foramen located posterior to the styloid process?

    <p>Stylomastoid foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the sphenoid bone contains the optic canal?

    <p>Body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the tympanic part of the temporal bone?

    <p>Forms the external acoustic meatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the sinus present in the sphenoid bone?

    <p>Sphenoid paranasal sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many foramina are present in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates the lesser wing from the greater wing?

    <p>Superior orbital fissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process that forms part of the nasal cavity in the sphenoid bone?

    <p>Anterior portion of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What arises from the inferior surface of the body of the sphenoid bone?

    <p>Pterygoid process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone?

    <p>Forms part of the nasal septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone?

    <p>Contains foramina for the olfactory nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest part of the ethmoid bone?

    <p>Ethmoid labyrinth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest part of the frontal bone?

    <p>Squamous portion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many parietal bones are there in the cranial vault?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the squamous portion of the occipital bone?

    <p>Posterior and superior to the foramen magnum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the occipital condyles?

    <p>To articulate with the atlas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ossification do the parts of the parietal bone undergo?

    <p>Intramembranous ossification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the protuberance located on the squamous portion of the occipital bone?

    <p>External occipital protuberance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the grooves on the internal surface of the squamous portion of the occipital bone for?

    <p>For the sinuses forming the confluence of the sinuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the canal located in the lateral portion of the occipital bone?

    <p>Hypoglossal canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Axial Skeleton

    • The skeletal system can be classified into axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton
    • Axial skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum

    Skull

    • The skull is composed of 22 separate bones united at immobile joints called sutures
    • The connective tissue between the bones is called a sutural ligament
    • The mandible is an exception, united to the skull by the mobile temporomandibular joint

    Cranium

    • The cranium consists of 8 bones: 2 parietal, 2 temporal, 1 frontal, 1 sphenoid, 1 occipital, and 1 ethmoid
    • The vault is the upper part of the cranium, and the base of the skull is the lowest part of the cranium
    • The skull bones are made up of external and internal tables of compact bone separated by a layer of spongy bone called the diploë

    Facial Bones

    • The facial bones consist of 14 bones: 2 zygomatic, 2 maxillae, 2 nasal, 2 lacrimal, 2 palatine, 2 inferior conchae, 1 mandible, and 1 vomer

    Frontal Bone

    • Characteristics:
      • Contains the frontal paranasal sinuses
      • 1 frontal bone
      • 3 parts: squamous portion, orbital portion, and nasal portion

    Parietal Bone

    • Characteristics:
      • Forms the majority of the cranial vault
      • 2 parietal bones
      • Relatively square, forming the roof and sides of the cranial vault
      • Parts: All parts undergo intramembranous ossification

    Occipital Bone

    • Characteristics:
      • Forms the posterior part of the cranial vault
      • Articulates with the atlas
      • 1 occipital bone
      • 3 parts: squamous portion, lateral portion, and basilar portion

    Temporal Bone

    • Characteristics:
      • Helps form the base and lateral walls of the skull
      • Houses the auditory and vestibular apparatuses
      • Contains mastoid air cells
      • 2 temporal bones
      • 4 parts: squamous part, petrous part, tympanic part, and styloid process

    Sphenoid Bone

    • Characteristics:
      • Forms the majority of the middle portion of the cranial base
      • Contains the sphenoid paranasal sinus
      • 1 sphenoid bone
      • 4 parts: body, greater wing, lesser wing, and pterygoid process

    Ethmoid Bone

    • Characteristics:
      • A porous bone that forms the major portion of the middle part of the face between the orbits
      • Helps form the orbit, nasal cavity, nasal septum, and anterior cranial fossa
      • 1 ethmoid bone
      • 3 parts: perpendicular plate, cribriform plate, and ethmoid labyrinth

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    Description

    Classification of the bones of the body into axial and appendicular skeleton, including the skull and its components.

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