Human Anatomy: Skeletal System

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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the joint that connects the mandible to the temporal bone of the skull?

Sutural joint

Cranial joint

Temporomandibular joint (correct)

Facial joint

How many bones form the face in the human skull?

12 bones

16 bones

14 bones (correct)

10 bones

Which bone forms the roof of the orbit and floor of the anterior cranial fossa?

Parietal bone

Occipital bone

Orbital portion of the frontal bone (correct)

Frontal bone

What is the name of the tissue that connects the bones of the skull?

Sutural ligament Signup and view all the answers

How many bones form the cranium in the human skull?

8 bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process that extends from the posterior part of the supra orbital margin of the frontal bone?

Zygomatic process Signup and view all the answers

Which bone contains the frontal paranasal sinuses?

Frontal bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the part of the frontal bone that forms the majority of the forehead?

Squamous portion Signup and view all the answers

What type of suture separates the frontal bone from the parietal bone?

Coronal suture Signup and view all the answers

Which bone forms the posterior part of the cranial vault?

Occipital bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the suture that separates the two parietal bones?

Sagittal suture Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the occipital bone is located posterior and superior to the foramen magnum?

Squamous portion Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the suture that separates the frontal bone from the sphenoid bone?

Sphenofrontal suture Signup and view all the answers

How many parietal bones are there in the human skull?

2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the protuberance located on the occipital bone?

External occipital protuberance Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the suture that separates the frontal bone from the nasal bone?

Nasofrontal suture Signup and view all the answers

Which process of the temporal bone articulates with the mandibular condyle?

Glenoid fossa Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the temporal bone forms the solid portion of bone?

Petrous part Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the petrous part of the temporal bone?

To separate the temporal and occipital lobes of the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the stylomastoid foramen?

Posterior to the styloid process Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the sphenoid bone contains the sphenoid paranasal sinuses?

Body Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the sinus contained within the sphenoid bone?

Sphenoid paranasal sinus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the foramen ovale in the greater wing of the sphenoid bone?

Transmission of the trigeminal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the sella turcica?

To house the pituitary gland Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the ethmoid bone forms the superior surface of the ethmoid and contains numerous foramina for the olfactory nerve?

Cribriform plate Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the hypophyseal fossa?

In the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of sphenoid bones in the cranial base?

1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pterygoid hamulus?

Attachment of the tensor veli palatini muscle Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the sphenoid bone lies posterior to the sella turcica?

Dorsum sellae Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the depression superior to the transverse sinus?

To accommodate the occipital lobes of the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the foramen cecum in the ethmoid bone?

Transmission of the anterior ethmoidal artery Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the sphenoid bone extends laterally and anteriorly from the superior portion of the sphenoid body?

Lesser wing Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the occipital bone contains the hypoglossal canal for the CN XII?

Lateral portion Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pharyngeal tubercle on the external surface of the basilar portion?

To provide attachment for the superior constrictor muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pharyngeal canal in the pterygoid process?

Transmission of the eustachian tube Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the groove on the internal surface of the temporal portion?

To accommodate the middle meningeal artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the bony structure formed by the articulation of the zygomatic process and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone?

Zygomatic arch Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the surface on the internal surface of the basilar portion that part of the brainstem lies against?

Clivus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mastoid air cells?

To house the auditory and vestibular apparatuses Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the bone that articulates with the occipital bone and the sphenoid bones?

Temporal bone Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Skull

Composed of 22 bones united at immobile joints called sutures
Connective tissue between bones is called a sutural ligament
Mandible is an exception, united to the temporal bone by the mobile temporomandibular joint

Cranium

Forms the upper part of the skull, contains the brain and meninges
Composed of 8 bones:
- Frontal bone (1)
- Parietal bones (2)
- Occipital bone (1)
- Temporal bones (2)
- Sphenoid bone (1)
- Ethmoid bone (1)

Frontal Bone

Forms the forehead, contains frontal paranasal sinuses
Parts:
- Squamous portion (largest part, forms the majority of the forehead)
- Orbital portion (forms the roof of the orbit and floor of the anterior cranial fossa)
- Nasal portion (articulates with the nasal bones and frontal process of the maxilla to form the roof of the nose)
Borders:
- Coronal suture (separates it from the parietal bone)
- Sphenofrontal suture (separates it from the sphenoid bone)
- Zygomaticofrontal suture (separates it from the zygomatic bone)
- Nasofrontal suture (separates it from the nasal bone)
- Frontomaxillary suture (separates it from the maxilla)

Parietal Bone

Forms the majority of the cranial vault
Characteristics:
- Relatively square, forming the roof and sides of the cranial vault
- Four corners not ossified at birth, give rise to fontanelles
- Endocranial surface filled with grooves made by branches of the middle meningeal artery
Parts:
- 4 angles:
  - Frontal (located at bregma)
  - Sphenoid (located at pterion)
  - Occipital (located at lambda)
  - Mastoid (located at asterion)
Borders:
- Sagittal suture (meets each other in the midline of the skull roof)
- Coronal suture (anteriorly with the frontal bone)
- Lambdoid suture (posteriorly with the occipital bone)
- Squamosal suture (laterally with the temporal bone)
- Sphenoparietal suture (laterally with the sphenoid bone)

Occipital Bone

Forms the posterior part of the cranial vault
Articulates with the atlas
Parts:
- Squamous portion (largest portion, articulates with the temporal and parietal bones)
- Lateral portion (articulates with the temporal bone, contains the occipital condyles that articulate with the atlas)
- Basilar portion (articulates with the petrous part of the temporal and the sphenoid bones, contains the pharyngeal tubercle)

Temporal Bone

Helps form the base and lateral walls of the skull
Houses the auditory and vestibular apparatuses
Contains mastoid air cells
Parts:
- Squamous part (largest portion, three portions: temporal, zygomatic process, and glenoid fossa)
- Petrous part (forms the solid portion of bone, contains the auditory and vestibular apparatuses)
- Mastoid part (extends posteriorly, contains large mastoid air cells)
- Tympanic part (forms the anterior, posterior, and inferior portions of the external acoustic meatus)
- Styloid process (projects from the temporal bone, stylomastoid foramen lies posterior to this process)

Sphenoid Bone

Forms the majority of the middle portion of the cranial base
Forms the majority of the middle cranial fossa
Contains the sphenoid paranasal sinus
Parts:
- Body (center of the sphenoid, contains the sphenoid paranasal sinuses and optic canal)
- Greater wing (extends laterally and anteriorly from the inferior portion of the body, contains 3 foramina: foramen spinosum, foramen ovale, and foramen rotundum)
- Lesser wing (extends laterally and anteriorly from the superior portion of the sphenoid body, separated from the greater wing by the superior orbital fissure)
- Pterygoid process (arises from the inferior surface of the body, contains a lateral and medial pterygoid plate and pterygoid hamulus)

Ethmoid Bone

Forms the major portion of the middle part of the face between the orbits
Helps form the orbit, nasal cavity, nasal septum, and anterior cranial fossa
Parts:
- Perpendicular plate (flat plate that descends from the cribriform plate to form part of the nasal septum)
- Cribriform plate (horizontal bone that forms the superior surface of the ethmoid and contains numerous foramina for the olfactory nerve)
- Ethmoid labyrinth (largest part of the ethmoid bone, descends inferiorly from the cribriform plate)

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Description

This quiz covers the skeletal system of the human body, focusing on the skull, its composition, and the joints that connect its bones. Learn about the sutures, sutural ligaments, and the temporomandibular joint.

Human Anatomy: Skeletal System - Skull

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