Stem Cell Biology: Embryoid Bodies and Adult Stem Cells

What is the primary function of angiogenic properties of Mesenchymal stem cells?

Promoting the formation of new blood vessels (correct)
Fighting pathogens in the body
Supporting the immune response against bacteria
Slowing down the development of inflammation

How do Mesenchymal stem cells support the immune response?

By promoting the activation of repair processes
By inhibiting the movement of immune cells
By secreting compounds similar to those of immune cells (correct)
By secreting anti-inflammatory factors

What is the result of anti-inflammatory properties of Mesenchymal stem cells?

Faster development of inflammation
Increased formation of new blood vessels
Enhanced immune response against bacteria
Slowed down development of inflammation (correct)

What is the role of Mesenchymal stem cells in repair processes?

To enable movement and promote the activation of repair processes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common function of both Mesenchymal stem cells and cells of the immune system?

Secretion of compounds against bacteria and parasites (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of removing LIF from the medium?

The formation of embryoid bodies (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using adult stem cells?

They do not raise issues of rejection or ethical controversies (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of tissue-resident stem cells?

They are dormant but can be activated by specific signals (A) Signup and view all the answers

What regulates the self-renewal and differentiation of tissue-resident stem cells?

The stem cell niche (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the majority of tissue-resident stem cells typically in?

A dormant state, but can be activated by specific signals (D) Signup and view all the answers

What influences the dormancy of tissue-resident stem cells?

The niche environment (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells can AAV viruses infect?

Non-dividing cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Alphaviruses that makes them useful for gene therapy?

They can infect various vertebrates and invertebrates (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using Alphavirus vectors carrying toxic genes?

To induce tumor regression (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using Herpesvirus vectors for gene transfer?

They have specific advantages over other viral vectors (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following viruses has been used to develop viral vectors for gene delivery?

Ross River virus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that influences the microbiome of children?

The place of birth (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using AAV vectors to deliver genes to the brain?

To deliver therapeutic genes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the microbiome in our bodies?

To regulate our sleep and eating habits (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does the microbiome affect our mood and behavior?

It affects the composition of the intestinal microbiome (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the microbiome and disease?

The microbiome guards against disease (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the microbiome of breastfed babies?

It is different from the microbiome of formula-fed babies (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the microbiome in human development?

It is essential for growth and development (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of inhibiting miR-375 in mammalian physiology?

Increased insulin secretion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of inhibiting miR-122 in the liver of mice?

Decreased total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential application of studying miR-122 in the context of obesity?

Reducing liver steatosis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of miR-375 in regulating insulin secretion?

Inhibiting insulin secretion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of using antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to inhibit miR-122?

Increased rate of fatty acid oxidation and reduced synthesis of fatty acids and sterols (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential therapeutic application of miR-375?

Managing diabetes (D) Signup and view all the answers