Sociology: Family as Social Institution

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the consanguineal family?

Related women, their brothers, and their offspring

Who is considered one of the founders of anthropological research on family and kinship?

Lewis Henry Morgan

What is the functional component of family?

Taking care of children and providing economic support

What is kinship typically referred to in anthropological contexts?

The degree of genetic relatedness or coefficient of relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the kinship system?

To provide continuity between generations Signup and view all the answers

What is marriage considered in the context of the family institution?

A socio-sexual institution Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of the residential component of family?

Living under one household Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological component of family?

With a child, married Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of education in teaching knowledge and skills?

To teach traditional skills and 3Rs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Conflict Theorists in examining education?

The impact of education on social inequality Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 7Cs in contemporary education?

They are critical thinking, communication, collaboration, creativity, cross-cultural skills, computer, and ICT literacy Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of cultural transmission of values in education?

Children inherit life opportunities based on their family background Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of education in perpetuating social inequality?

It helps maintain social divisions from one generation to the next Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of traditional skills in education?

They are necessary for fulfilling significant positions in society Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between education and life opportunities?

Life opportunities are inherited regardless of education Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the elite maintaining their dominance through education?

Social divisions are maintained from one generation to the next Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of culture in society?

To bind members of society together Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of nonmaterial culture?

Beliefs Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of cultural relativism?

Understanding other cultures on their own terms Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of culture?

It is learned Signup and view all the answers

What is mass media?

A means of conveying information to a large audience Signup and view all the answers

What is social stratification?

The division of people into social classes Signup and view all the answers

What is an element of culture?

Belief system Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of culture that implies it can change over time?

It is dynamic and changing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern for schools located in rural areas in the Philippines?

Providing adequate learning facilities and materials Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of symbolic interactionists in the classroom?

Studying face-to-face interaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of religion, according to the definition provided?

To bridge the gap between the world and the divine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a cult?

It is a new or different religion that puts it at odds with the dominant culture and religion Signup and view all the answers

What are the three elements in defining religion?

Beliefs, practices, and a moral community Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the work 'The Elementary Forms of Religious Life'?

Emile Durkheim Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of functionalist theorists in relation to education?

Analyzing how education benefits society Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a sect?

It is a larger religious group than a cult Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of social capital according to the text?

To provide resources based on group membership and relationships Signup and view all the answers

According to Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore, what is the primary reason for social stratification?

To ensure that more qualified people fill important positions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of habitus?

A system of generative schemes objectively adjusted to particular conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary argument of Gaetano Mosca's conflict perspective?

That people in power will use their positions to seize greater rewards Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the World System Theory?

The impact of economic and political connections on social stratification Signup and view all the answers

According to the functionalist view, what is the primary reason why some positions are more important than others?

Because they are necessary for the functioning of society Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between symbolic capital and social capital?

Symbolic capital refers to the acquisition of a reputation, while social capital refers to resources based on group membership Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of social stratification, according to the conflict perspective?

It creates inequality and conflict between classes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Consanguineal family: a family of blood relatives consisting of related women, their brothers, and the woman's offspring.
Family has three components:
- Biological component: related to having a child, being married, and consanguinity.
- Functional component: taking care of children and providing economic support.
- Residential component: living under one household or common residence.

Kinship, Marriage, and the Household

Kinship: provides continuity between generations, and includes relationships through blood and marriage.
Marriage: a socio-sexual institution, part of the wider institutional complex of the family.
Gatekeeping: teaching knowledge and skills, such as traditional skills, 3Rs, and contemporary skills like 7Cs.

Education

Manifest function of education: teaching knowledge and skills, and cultural transmission of values.
The conflict perspective: education helps the elite maintain their dominance, and perpetuates social inequality.
The symbolic interactionist perspective: examines face-to-face interaction in the classroom, and how teachers' expectations affect students.

Religion

Definition: a system of beliefs, rituals, and practices that connects this world with the beyond.
Three elements: beliefs, practices, and a moral community.
Types of religious groups: cult, sect, and church.
Emile Durkheim's works: "System of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family" (1871), "The Rules of Sociological Method" (1897), and "The Elementary Forms of Religious Life" (1912).

Culture

Types: material culture (e.g., jewelry, arts, weapons, clothing) and nonmaterial culture (e.g., beliefs, norms, values).
Elements: belief system, cultural values, and norms.
Characteristics: culture is learned, shared, dynamic, and changing.
Cultural relativism: understanding other cultures on their own terms, without judging or evaluating.

Mass Media

Definition: a way of communication that reaches a large audience, using platforms like channels of communication.
Types of capital: social capital (resources based on group membership, relationships, and networks), symbolic capital (acquisition of reputation and image).

Definition: the division of large numbers of people into layers according to their relative property, power, and prestige.
Functionalist view: social stratification is inevitable because it motivates qualified people to fill important positions.
Conflict perspective: social stratification is a result of class conflict and scarce resources.
World System Theory: examines how economic and political connections developed and tie the world's countries together.

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