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Questions and Answers
Which discipline primarily uses fieldwork and ethnography as its main research methods?
Which discipline primarily uses fieldwork and ethnography as its main research methods?
What is the main goal shared by sociology, psychology, and anthropology?
What is the main goal shared by sociology, psychology, and anthropology?
What does the principle of 'informed consent' primarily ensure in research?
What does the principle of 'informed consent' primarily ensure in research?
In the context of 'The Social Dilemma,' what is an 'echo chamber'?
In the context of 'The Social Dilemma,' what is an 'echo chamber'?
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The Milgram Experiment is cited to demonstrate which psychological phenomenon?
The Milgram Experiment is cited to demonstrate which psychological phenomenon?
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If a researcher is primarily interested in analyzing large datasets and identifying social trends across populations, which social science discipline is their work most aligned with?
If a researcher is primarily interested in analyzing large datasets and identifying social trends across populations, which social science discipline is their work most aligned with?
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Which ethical consideration emphasizes the importance of protecting research participants from any form of harm?
Which ethical consideration emphasizes the importance of protecting research participants from any form of harm?
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What term best describes the persuasive and addictive nature that is often associated with social media engagement?
What term best describes the persuasive and addictive nature that is often associated with social media engagement?
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What is the primary mechanism of neuroplasticity that involves the removal of unused brain connections?
What is the primary mechanism of neuroplasticity that involves the removal of unused brain connections?
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Which of the following best describes the concept of 'serve and return' in the context of brain development?
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'serve and return' in the context of brain development?
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A researcher conducts a study where participants are asked to perform physically demanding tasks without being informed of the risks involved. This scenario primarily violates which ethical code?
A researcher conducts a study where participants are asked to perform physically demanding tasks without being informed of the risks involved. This scenario primarily violates which ethical code?
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What is a characteristic of intrinsic motivation?
What is a characteristic of intrinsic motivation?
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Which concept, as introduced by Kimberlé Crenshaw, examines the overlapping nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender, and how they create interconnected systems of discrimination or disadvantage?
Which concept, as introduced by Kimberlé Crenshaw, examines the overlapping nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender, and how they create interconnected systems of discrimination or disadvantage?
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Which of the following is NOT a core element of the study of anthropology?
Which of the following is NOT a core element of the study of anthropology?
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Which psychological perspective emphasizes the role of unconscious drives and desires?
Which psychological perspective emphasizes the role of unconscious drives and desires?
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In the context of societal advantages, the Wheel of Privilege & Power (Canada) primarily focuses on:
In the context of societal advantages, the Wheel of Privilege & Power (Canada) primarily focuses on:
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Which of the following best describes 'equity' in contrast to 'equality'?
Which of the following best describes 'equity' in contrast to 'equality'?
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What is 'ethnocentrism'?
What is 'ethnocentrism'?
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Which of the options correctly identifies both a technique and a benefit of expressing gratitude?
Which of the options correctly identifies both a technique and a benefit of expressing gratitude?
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According to the provided information, what is the goal of cultural relativism?
According to the provided information, what is the goal of cultural relativism?
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Which of these best defines the core concept of functionalism?
Which of these best defines the core concept of functionalism?
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What does the term 'social stratification' refer to?
What does the term 'social stratification' refer to?
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In psychology, what is the primary distinction between mindfulness and self-regulation according to the text?
In psychology, what is the primary distinction between mindfulness and self-regulation according to the text?
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Based on the content, what is a significant factor contributing to the racial wage gap?
Based on the content, what is a significant factor contributing to the racial wage gap?
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What is a core tenet of cultural materialism?
What is a core tenet of cultural materialism?
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Which of the following best describes the concept of 'ethnology'?
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'ethnology'?
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In the context of rites of passage, what does the 'transition' phase primarily involve?
In the context of rites of passage, what does the 'transition' phase primarily involve?
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What is a common characteristic of 'fraternal polyandry' as practiced in some cultures?
What is a common characteristic of 'fraternal polyandry' as practiced in some cultures?
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Which anthropologist was known for advocating cultural relativism?
Which anthropologist was known for advocating cultural relativism?
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What is the primary purpose of practices like foot binding or scarification in some cultures?
What is the primary purpose of practices like foot binding or scarification in some cultures?
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What is a key characteristic of 'Burneshas' in Albanian culture?
What is a key characteristic of 'Burneshas' in Albanian culture?
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How does participant observation in ethnology help researchers understand a culture?
How does participant observation in ethnology help researchers understand a culture?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Social Sciences
- Sociology: The study of human society, social behavior, and how people interact in groups.
- Psychology: The study of the human mind, emotions, and behaviors on an individual level.
- Anthropology: The study of humans across time, exploring cultures, traditions, and biological evolution.
- Research Methods: Sociology uses surveys, observations, and analysis of large groups. Psychology uses experiments, case studies, and brain imaging. Anthropology relies on fieldwork, ethnography, and artifact analysis.
- Similarities: All three fields study human behavior and aim to understand individuals and societies better.
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Ethics in Research: Principles that guide research to ensure fairness, safety, and respect for participants.
- Informed Consent: Participants agree to participate after understanding the research.
- Benefit vs. Risk: Benefits of research should outweigh any potential risks to participants.
- Safety: Protect participants from physical and mental harm.
- Avoid Deception: Do not intentionally deceive participants.
- Protect Mental/Physical Health: Ensure the well-being of participants.
- Fair Compensation: Provide appropriate compensation for participation.
- Honest Results: Present findings truthfully without fabrication.
- Example: The Milgram Experiment demonstrated obedience to authority, even when actions conflict with personal ethics.
- Social Media: The Social Dilemma movie explores dangers of social media, including addiction, misinformation, and mental health issues. Key terms include algorithm, echo chamber, dopamine hit, and surveillance capitalism. The movie recommends mindful use, setting limits, and regulation of tech companies.
Sociology
- Social Identity Wheel: A visualization of how aspects like race, gender, and class shape experiences.
- Wheel of Privilege & Power: Explains societal advantages based on race, gender, ability, etc. and their impact (mostly in Canada).
- Intersectionality (Kimberlé Crenshaw): Overlapping systems of discrimination (e.g., race, gender, class).
- Marginalization: Social exclusion from opportunities, resources, or rights.
- Oppression: Unjust treatment of individuals or groups.
- Equity vs. Equality: Equity provides people with what they need to succeed; equality treats everyone the same.
- Socialization & Agents of Socialization: Process of learning norms and values, including family, schools, peers, and media.
- Social Norms: Unwritten rules of behavior that maintain social order.
- Social Stratification: Ranking of people in society based on factors like wealth, power, and status.
- Racial Wage Gap: Disparity in income between racial groups due to systemic inequality.
- Whose Vote Counts: Examines barriers and inequalities in voting systems.
- Determining Which Social Scientist: Example questions and how sociologists, psychologists, and anthropologists would approach them.
Psychology
- Emotions and Emotional Intelligence: Emotions influence behavior; emotional intelligence helps manage them. Example: Inside Out movie.
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Psychological Theories:
- Psychodynamic: Unconscious drives (Freud).
- Behaviorism: Learning through reinforcement (Skinner).
- Cognitive: Focuses on thoughts and perceptions.
- Humanistic: Emphasizes personal growth (Maslow).
- Feminist Psychology: Gender inequality and psychological impacts.
- Gratitude: Feeling and expressing thankfulness.
- Mindfulness vs. Self-Regulation: Focus on present moment awareness.
- Meditation: A mental practice of relaxation, awareness, and concentration.
- Neuroplasticity: Brain's ability to change and adapt.
- Pruning and Turning: Brain development and connection
- Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs): Negative experiences affecting long-term health. Positive Childhood Experiences (PCEs) balance.
- Learning Styles: Different ways individuals process information (visual, auditory, kinesthetic).
- Memory: Encoding, storing, and retrieving information, including short-term, long-term, and working memory.
- Motivation: Intrinsic (self-driven) vs. extrinsic (external rewards).
Anthropology
- What is it?: The study of humans, their cultures, societies, and evolutionary development.
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Field of Study: (cultural, physical, etc.)
- Cultural Anthropology: Exploring how humans live, socially organize, and have traditions.
- Physical Anthropology: Human evolution and biological diversity.
- Linguistic Anthropology: Examines language and culture.
- Archaeology: Past civilizations through material remains.
- Ethnocentrism: Belief in the superiority of one's own culture.
- Cultural Relativism: Viewing cultures without bias or judgment.
- Schools of Thought (functionalism, structuralism, cultural materialism etc.): Different approaches to understanding cultures.
Additional Topics
- Gender Binary & Approaches: Classifying gender as male or female; non-binary examples.
- Ethnology & Participant Observation: Studying and comparing cultures by immersing in them.
- Kinship & Marriage Types: Different types of kinship structures and marriage systems in various societies. Examples include arranged marriages, polygyny, etc.
- Rites of Passage: Life transitions, such as coming-of-age ceremonies.
- Famous Anthropologists: Examples of notable anthropologists and their contributions
- Beauty Practices: How cultural beauty standards differ.
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Description
Test your knowledge of research methods used in sociology, psychology, and anthropology. This quiz covers key concepts like fieldwork, informed consent, and psychological experiments. Explore the ethical considerations and social trends in contemporary research.
