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Questions and Answers
What term describes the abnormal softening of tissues?
What term describes the abnormal softening of tissues?
Which bone description is correct for cancellous bone?
Which bone description is correct for cancellous bone?
What is the term for the removal of some or all of a body part?
What is the term for the removal of some or all of a body part?
What is identified as the framework of the body that includes the skull and vertebral column?
What is identified as the framework of the body that includes the skull and vertebral column?
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Which term describes the connection between bones?
Which term describes the connection between bones?
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What prefix refers to cartilage?
What prefix refers to cartilage?
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What type of bone is also referred to as compact bone?
What type of bone is also referred to as compact bone?
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Which term is used to describe the joint structure between the radius and ulna?
Which term is used to describe the joint structure between the radius and ulna?
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What is the term for a thin membrane of connective tissue lining the inner surface of bones?
What is the term for a thin membrane of connective tissue lining the inner surface of bones?
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Which part of a long bone allows for growth in length during development?
Which part of a long bone allows for growth in length during development?
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Which term describes the condition where a bone is partially displaced from its joint?
Which term describes the condition where a bone is partially displaced from its joint?
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What function does red bone marrow primarily serve?
What function does red bone marrow primarily serve?
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Which type of joint allows for movement in one plane, such as in the stifle and elbow joints?
Which type of joint allows for movement in one plane, such as in the stifle and elbow joints?
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What is the definition of ossification?
What is the definition of ossification?
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What does the combining form 'spondyl/o' refer to?
What does the combining form 'spondyl/o' refer to?
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Which type of joint is characterized by a wide range of motion in many directions?
Which type of joint is characterized by a wide range of motion in many directions?
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What term describes the projection area of a bone?
What term describes the projection area of a bone?
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What is the distinguishing feature of the meniscus in joints?
What is the distinguishing feature of the meniscus in joints?
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What is the term for the hard outer layer that envelops bones, except at joint surfaces?
What is the term for the hard outer layer that envelops bones, except at joint surfaces?
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Which type of bone is small and nodular, often embedded in tendons?
Which type of bone is small and nodular, often embedded in tendons?
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What is the role of synovial fluid?
What is the role of synovial fluid?
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What term describes the gradual degeneration and inflammation of joints, often referred to as DJD?
What term describes the gradual degeneration and inflammation of joints, often referred to as DJD?
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Study Notes
Skeletal System Terminology
- Abnormal Softening: malacia
- Abnormal Hardening: sclerosis
- Removal of Body Part: amputation
- Appendicular Skeleton: The framework of the body, including extremities, shoulders, and pelvic girdle.
- Articulation/Articulations: Joints, connections between bones, allowing motion.
- Articulate: To join in a way that permits movement.
- Axial Skeleton: The framework including the skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.
- Brachycephalic: Dogs with short, wide heads (e.g., pugs, Pekingese).
- Cancellous Bone: Lighter, less dense bone found in the ends and inner portions of long bones; also known as spongy bone.
- Carpus: The joint between radius and ulna, and metacarpal bones.
- Cartilage: Firm, flexible connective tissue in the larynx, respiratory tract, external ear, and joint surfaces.
- Chondr/o: Combining form for cartilage.
- Cortical Bone: Hard, dense, strong bone forming the outer layer; also called compact bone.
- Cranium: Portion of the skull enclosing the brain.
- Cranio/Cran/i/o: Combining form for skull.
- Crepitus: Cracking sensation from broken bones moving together.
- Diaphysis: Shaft or central part of a long bone.
- Digit: A numeral from 0 to 9, or a finger/toe.
- Disc/o: Combining form for disc (intervertebral).
- Dolichocephalic: Dogs with narrow, long heads (e.g., collies, greyhounds).
- Endosteum: Thin membrane lining inner surface of bones (medulary cavity).
- Epiphyseal Plate: Cartilage layer in long bone metaphysis that allows growth.
- Epiphysis: Wide end of a long bone with cancellous bone and articular cartilage.
- Foramen/Foramina: Opening.
- Fossa: Trench, hollow depressed area.
- Gliding Joint: Joints where bones glide over each other.
- Hematopoietic/Hematopoiesis: Related to blood cell formation. Red bone marrow is hematopoietic.
- Hinge Joint: Joints allowing movement in one direction (e.g., canine stifle and elbow).
- Ligament: Band of fibrous connective tissue connecting bones to stabilize joints.
- Luxation: Dislocation or displacement of a bone from a joint.
- Medullary Cavity: Inner space of long bones containing yellow bone marrow.
- Meniscus: Curved fibrous cartilage cushioning forces on some joints, such as the stifle.
- Mesocephalic/Mesaticephalic: Dogs with average head width (e.g., Labrador retrievers).
- Osteocyte: Common bone cells regulating bone remodeling.
- Ossification: Natural process of bone formation.
- Oste/o, Osse/o: Combining forms for bone.
- P1, P2, P3: Long pastern bone (P1), short pastern bone (P2), coffin (P3) bone in horses.
- Periosteum: Dense layer of connective tissue enveloping bones (except joint surfaces).
- Phalanx/Phalanges: Bones of the digits (fingers/toes).
- Process: Projection.
- Range of Motion (ROM): Extent of movement possible at a joint.
- Red Bone Marrow: Tissue forming red, white blood cells and platelets.
- Sesamoid Bone: Small nodular bones in tendons or joint capsules.
- Sinus: Space, cavity.
- Spheroid/Spheroidal Joint: Ball-and-socket joint (allowing motion in many directions).
- Spondyl/o: Combining form for vertebra.
- Sternum: Breastbone, ventral part of rib cage.
- Stifle: Joint housing the patella.
- Subluxation: Partial dislocation.
- Suture: Jagged line, non-movable joint between bones.
- Symphysis: Joint where bones fuse firmly to act as one.
- Synovial Fluid: Fluid secreted by synovial membrane.
- Synovial Joint: Joint with synovial membrane and fluid, further classified as spheroid.
- Tarsus: Joint in small animals analogous to human ankle.
- Tendon: Connects muscle to bone.
- Tuberosity: Projection.
- Ungulate: Hooved animal.
- Vertebra/Vertebrae: Individual bones of the vertebral column.
- Vestigial: Structures present as remnants but with little function
- Yellow Bone Marrow: Fatty tissue, fat storage area.
Pathology and Abbreviations
- DJD: Degenerative joint disease.
- fx: Fracture.
- IVDD: Intervertebral disc disease.
- Dolicho: Meaning long.
- Myel: Meaning marrow.
- Itis: Inflammation.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key terms related to the skeletal system. This quiz covers essential concepts such as the axial and appendicular skeleton, types of bones, and joint articulations. Perfect for students studying anatomy or related fields.
