Medical Terminology Chapter 3: Skeletal System
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Questions and Answers

What is the thoracic cavity also known as?

  • Shoulder girdle
  • Rib Cage (correct)
  • Pelvis
  • Spinal Column

    • How many pairs of ribs are there?

    Twelve pairs

    What are the first seven pairs of ribs called?

    True Ribs

    How many pairs of false ribs are there?

    <p>Three pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the last two pairs of ribs known as?

    <p>Floating Ribs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sternum?

    <p>Flat bone located in the middle of the chest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three parts of the sternum?

    <p>Manubrium, Body, Xiphoid Process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What bone forms the upper portion of the sternum?

    <p>Manubrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the middle portion of the sternum?

    <p>Body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the lower portion of the sternum?

    <p>Xiphoid Process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do shoulders form?

    <p>Pectoral girdle supporting arms and hands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the collarbone called?

    <p>Clavicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shoulder bone known as?

    <p>Scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the acromion?

    <p>Extension of the scapula forming the high point of the shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What bone is referred to as the upper arm?

    <p>Humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smaller, shorter bone in the forearm called?

    <p>Radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the larger, longer bone in the forearm?

    <p>Ulna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the large projection on the upper end of the ulna called?

    <p>Olecranon Process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the parts of the arm?

    <p>Humerus, Radius, Ulna, and Olecranon process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Eight ___________ form the wrist.

    <p>Carpal Bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Five ______________ form the palms of the hand.

    <p>Metacarpals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the bones of the fingers called?

    <p>Fourteen Phalanges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What protects the spinal cord?

    <p>Spinal Column</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the structures of the vertebrae?

    <p>Body, Lamina, Vertebral Foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anterior portion of the vertebrae called?

    <p>Body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the posterior portion of the vertebrae called?

    <p>Lamina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the opening in the middle of the vertebra allowing for passage of the spinal cord called?

    <p>Vertebral Foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the types of vertebrae?

    <p>Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacrum, and Coccyx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What set of vertebrae forms the neck?

    <p>Cervical vertebrae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

    <p>Set of 12 (T1-T12)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What set of vertebrae is the largest and strongest?

    <p>Lumbar Vertebrae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the lower portion of the back?

    <p>Sacrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tailbone known as?

    <p>Coccyx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What protects the internal organs and supports lower extremities?

    <p>Pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the parts of the pelvis?

    <p>Ilium, Sacroiliac, Ischium, Pubis, Pubic symphysis, and Acetabulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the back and sides of the pubic bone?

    <p>Ilium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the articulation between sacrum and posterior portion of ilium called?

    <p>Sacroiliac</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the lower posterior portion of the pubic bone?

    <p>Ischium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the anterior portion of the pubic bone?

    <p>Pubis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unites the left and right pubic bones?

    <p>Pubic Symphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis called?

    <p>Acetabulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the largest bones in the body?

    <p>Femurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the parts of the knees?

    <p>Patella, Popliteal, Cruciate Ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the kneecap called?

    <p>Patella</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Thoracic Cavity

    • Also known as the rib cage, it protects the heart and lungs.
    • Composed of ribs, sternum, and the upper portion of the spinal column extending from the neck to the diaphragm.

    Ribs

    • Consist of twelve pairs that attach to the thoracic vertebrae posteriorly.

    Types of Ribs

    • True Ribs: First seven pairs that attach anteriorly to the sternum.
    • False Ribs: Three pairs following true ribs, connecting to cartilage linking them to the sternum.
    • Floating Ribs: Last two pairs that only attach posteriorly to vertebrae without anterior connections.

    Sternum

    • A flat bone located in the middle of the chest, which has three parts.

    Parts of the Sternum

    • Manubrium: Upper portion of the sternum.
    • Body: Middle portion of the sternum.
    • Xiphoid Process: Lower portion made of cartilage.

    Shoulders

    • Composed of the pectoral girdle which supports the arms and hands, consisting of the clavicle, scapula, and acromion.

    Clavicle

    • Known as the collarbone, it connects the manubrium to the scapula.

    Scapula

    • Also referred to as the shoulder bone.

    Acromion

    • An extension of the scapula that forms the highest point of the shoulder.

    Arm Bones

    • Humerus: Upper arm bone.
    • Radius: Smaller, shorter bone in the forearm.
    • Ulna: Larger, longer bone in the forearm, with the olecranon process being its large projection.

    Wrist and Hand

    • Carpal Bones: Eight bones that form the wrist and five metacarpal bones form the palms of the hand.
    • Phalanges: Fourteen bones of the fingers; each finger has three bones, while the thumb has two.

    Spinal Column

    • Protects the spinal cord and supports the head, consisting of 26 vertebrae.

    Structures of Vertebrae

    • Body: Anterior portion providing strength.
    • Lamina: Posterior portion of the vertebra.
    • Vertebral Foramen: Opening allowing passage of the spinal cord.

    Types of Vertebrae

    • Cervical Vertebrae: Set of 7 (C1-C7), forming the neck.
    • Thoracic Vertebrae: Set of 12 (T1-T12), each with a pair of ribs attached.
    • Lumbar Vertebrae: Set of 5 (L1-L5), largest and strongest, bearing most body weight.
    • Sacrum: Forms lower back, fused from five separate bones at birth.
    • Coccyx: Known as the tailbone, made of four fused bones at the spine's end.

    Pelvis

    • Protects internal organs and supports lower extremities.

    Parts of the Pelvis

    • Ilium: Forms the back and sides of the pelvic bone.
    • Sacroiliac: Joint between sacrum and ilium.
    • Ischium: Lower posterior portion supporting body weight when sitting.
    • Pubis: Anterior portion of the pelvic bone.
    • Pubic Symphysis: Cartilaginous joint uniting left and right pubic bones.
    • Acetabulum: Circular cavity in the pelvis connecting with the femur to form the hip joint.

    Lower Limb

    • Femurs: The largest bones in the body.
    • Patella: Known as the kneecap.
    • Popliteal: Relating to the area behind the knee.
    • Cruciate Ligaments: Ligaments in the knee providing stability.

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    Description

    Explore key concepts related to the skeletal system in this quiz based on Medical Terminology Chapter 3. The flashcards cover critical terms such as the thoracic cavity, ribs, and true ribs, emphasizing their definitions and anatomical significance.

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