29 Questions
What is the function of osteoblasts in bone development?
Forming osteoid and mineralizing it
What is the term for the process of bone formation from a cartilaginous template?
Endochondral ossification
Which type of bone is characterized by being thin and curved, such as the bones of the skull?
Flat bone
What is the term for the shaft of a long bone?
Diaphysis
What is the term for the system that regulates the coupling of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in skeletal homeostasis?
RANK/RANK ligand system
What is the term for the growth phase in bone development where osteoid is formed and mineralized?
Appositional growth
What is the primary function of trabecular bone tissue?
To facilitate calcium exchange
What occurs in the Pre-Hypertrophic zone of the growth plate?
Chondrocytes are arranged in columns
What is the main function of compact bone tissue?
To provide main weight-bearing support
During endochondral ossification, what happens to the chondrocytes?
They differentiate into hypertrophic chondrocytes
What occurs in the secondary ossification centres?
Formation of the articular surfaces of the bone
What is the primary function of osteoblasts?
Bone formation and mineralization
Which cell type is likely to be the main mechano-sensitive cell?
Osteocyte
What is the result of osteoblasts finishing their bone formation process?
They become bone lining cells or osteocytes
What is the primary role of osteoclasts?
Responsible for bone resorption
What is the term for the process of bone formation and resorption?
Bone remodeling
What is the name of the protein that osteoblasts synthesize to form the organic matrix of bone?
Osteoid
What is the role of osteoclasts in the body?
Responsible for bone resorption
What triggers osteoclast formation according to McSheey and Chambers in 1988?
PTH acting indirectly through osteoblasts
What is the function of osteoprotegerin (OPG)?
Inhibiting osteoclast formation
What is the effect of low serum calcium levels on osteoclast differentiation?
It increases osteoclast differentiation
What is the name of the receptor that RANKL binds to on osteoclast precursors?
RANK
What is the name of the integrin interaction that osteoclasts use to attach to the bone surface?
a5b3 integrin interaction
What is the function of active transport of H+ in the sealed zone?
To break down the mineral component of bone
What is the role of Cl-/HCO3– exchanger in osteoclasts?
To maintain pH in the sealed zone
What is the result of aberrant bone formation or resorption?
Skeletal pathology
What is the effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on bone remodelling?
Necrosis and reduced remodelling
What is the function of cathepsin K and other proteases in osteoclasts?
To digest collagen
What is the depth of the resorption pit formed by osteoclasts?
4-5 mM deep
Test your knowledge of bone development, cellular structure, and homeostasis, including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and the RANK/RANK ligand system. Learn about the implications for normal oral function and clinical management.
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