Human Skeletal System Quiz

Bone Tissue and Functions

• Osteoclasts are the cells responsible for breaking down bone tissue.
• Red bone marrow primarily functions in the production of blood cells.
• The femur is the longest and strongest bone in the human body.
• The skull protects the brain within the skeletal system.

Joints and Growth

• The ball-and-socket joint in the shoulder allows for a wide range of motion.
• The periosteum is the tough, fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of bones, excluding joints.
• Bone growth occurs in the epiphyseal plate of long bones.

Cartilage and Hormones

• Articular cartilage is located at the ends of long bones and helps reduce friction in joints.
• Calcitonin is the hormone released when blood calcium levels are too high.

Fractures and Skeleton Structure

• A comminuted fracture is characterized by a bone breaking into multiple pieces.
• The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

Vitamins and Bone Structure

• Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption in the digestive system.
• Compact bone has a dense, solid structure, as opposed to spongy bone.

Marrow and Deficiencies

• The medullary cavity of long bones contains yellow marrow.
• Rickets is a condition caused by vitamin D deficiency, leading to soft and weakened bones in children.

Joint Types and Vertebral Function

• Fibrous joints are present between the bones of the skull.
• The vertebral column supports the body and protects the spinal cord.

Jaw Bone and Axial Skeleton Exemptions

• The mandible forms the lower jaw and is the only movable bone of the skull.
• The femur is not part of the axial skeleton, which includes bones such as the sternum, ribs, and vertebrae.

Diseases Related to Bones

• Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease where the immune system attacks the joints, causing inflammation and pain.