Bone Anatomy and Physiology Review Quiz

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Which type of bone is characterized by being dense and hard with an outside layer made up of osteons or haversian system?

Flat bone

Compact bone (correct)

Irregular bone

Spongy bone

What is the main function of osteoclasts in bone physiology?

Bone growth

Bone mineralization

Bone matrix secretion

Bone break (bone destruction and absorption) (correct)

What is the method of administration for Tc-99 MDP in a bone scan?

Intravenous injection (correct)

Transdermal patch

Oral intake

Intramuscular injection

Which scan type provides a 360-degree 3D image by rotating around the patient?

SPECT scan Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common clinical application for a 3-phase bone scan?

Detection of infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the osseous or delayed phase in a 3-phase bone scan?

Assessment of soft tissue infection Signup and view all the answers

In a SPECT scan, what does a photopenic area indicate?

Lack of radioactive activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical application area specifically mentioned for SPECT scans?

Pelvis and hip region Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Super Scan' imply in a medical context?

Lack of kidney visualization Signup and view all the answers

In a bone scan, what is the purpose of drinking plenty of water after Tc-99 MDP injection?

Enhance kidney function Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of instructing a patient having a bone scan to void frequently between the injection and delayed scanning?

To reduce radiation dose to the bladder Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts?

Osteoblasts - Build bone, Osteoclasts - Break bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the metastatic lesion that might not be detected by a bone scan if it has no association with osteoblastic activity?

Osteolytic lesion Signup and view all the answers

How many bones are there in the human skeleton?

206 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of exercise is beneficial for building muscle and bone?

Strength training Signup and view all the answers

What is axial bone composed of?

Vertebrae, sternum, and ribs Signup and view all the answers

What is the fluorine-18 analog of?

Hydroxyl ion Signup and view all the answers

What is a nomogram typically used for?

Predicting disease prognosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct function of osteoblasts in bone metabolism?

Promote new bone formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for instructing a patient to drink liquids before a bone scan?

To dilute radioactive material in the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which Tc-99m diphosphate compounds accumulate in bone?

Heterionic exchange Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best explains why body contour or elliptical orbits are advantageous over circular orbits in SPECT imaging?

They maximize spatial resolution Signup and view all the answers

In prostate cancer patients, a low level of PSA correlates with a very low likelihood of bone metastasis, except for those who have undergone:

Hormonal therapy Signup and view all the answers

In the provided images, what mode were the images acquired in?

The top part was static, and the bottom part was planar SPECT Signup and view all the answers

What type of filter is best described as 'only allowing low frequencies to pass'?

Low-pass filter Signup and view all the answers

In the context of bone tissue, what are the two main types?

Compact and sponge Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'flare phenomenon' in the context of bone scans?

Increased osteoblastic activity within the first 3 months of chemotherapy, resulting in increased uptake at involved sites Signup and view all the answers

How do osteomyelitis and cellulitis differ in their presentation on a three-phase bone scan?

Osteomyelitis shows focal uptake in all three phases, while cellulitis shows focal uptake only in the flow and blood-pool phases Signup and view all the answers

In a multihole low-energy collimator, what configuration of holes produces higher resolution?

Longer and smaller holes Signup and view all the answers

What technique is being described by the term 'equal-time imaging' in bone scanning?

Acquiring multiple individual spot views for an equal amount of time Signup and view all the answers