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Questions and Answers
What year was the Indian Seeds Act passed?
What year was the Indian Seeds Act passed?
Which organization was responsible for making available foundation seeds in 1963-1964?
Which organization was responsible for making available foundation seeds in 1963-1964?
Which vegetable hybrid was developed and released in 1971?
Which vegetable hybrid was developed and released in 1971?
What was the main objective of the Tarai Development Corporation established in 1969?
What was the main objective of the Tarai Development Corporation established in 1969?
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In which year was the first Horticultural Research Institute established in India?
In which year was the first Horticultural Research Institute established in India?
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Which organization was established in 1971 to serve as an educational link among seed technologists?
Which organization was established in 1971 to serve as an educational link among seed technologists?
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What significant development occurred regarding seed processing in 1963?
What significant development occurred regarding seed processing in 1963?
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Which organization equipped the Seed Testing Laboratory in 1961?
Which organization equipped the Seed Testing Laboratory in 1961?
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What is a key difference between varietal and hybrid seed production?
What is a key difference between varietal and hybrid seed production?
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Which statement is true regarding seed quality characteristics?
Which statement is true regarding seed quality characteristics?
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In seed production, what does the term 'isolation distance' refer to?
In seed production, what does the term 'isolation distance' refer to?
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Which of the following is not a requirement for seed quality?
Which of the following is not a requirement for seed quality?
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Why must hybrid seeds be changed each time they are planted?
Why must hybrid seeds be changed each time they are planted?
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Which characteristic is not associated with high-quality seeds?
Which characteristic is not associated with high-quality seeds?
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What is the primary characteristic that defines hybrid seed production compared to varietal seed production?
What is the primary characteristic that defines hybrid seed production compared to varietal seed production?
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the economic aspect of seed production?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the economic aspect of seed production?
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What was the primary focus of the National Commission on Agriculture's report submitted in 1976?
What was the primary focus of the National Commission on Agriculture's report submitted in 1976?
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What significant action was taken by the Government of India regarding seeds in 1983?
What significant action was taken by the Government of India regarding seeds in 1983?
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What was the purpose of the New Seed Policy announced in 1988?
What was the purpose of the New Seed Policy announced in 1988?
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Which university was established in 1985 to focus on horticulture and forestry?
Which university was established in 1985 to focus on horticulture and forestry?
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What significant legislative effort was made in India in 2001 regarding plant varieties?
What significant legislative effort was made in India in 2001 regarding plant varieties?
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In 1992, what change occurred related to the Project Directorate of Vegetable Research?
In 1992, what change occurred related to the Project Directorate of Vegetable Research?
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What was one of the outcomes related to vegetable production in India by 1989?
What was one of the outcomes related to vegetable production in India by 1989?
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What was one objective of the National Seed Policy initiated in 2002?
What was one objective of the National Seed Policy initiated in 2002?
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In which year was the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) established?
In which year was the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) established?
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What significant event regarding vegetable seed supply occurred in India during World War II?
What significant event regarding vegetable seed supply occurred in India during World War II?
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Which organization analyzed the Indian seed production system between 1925 and 1928?
Which organization analyzed the Indian seed production system between 1925 and 1928?
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What was aimed at during the Second Five Year Plan initiated in 1956?
What was aimed at during the Second Five Year Plan initiated in 1956?
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Which seed testing facility was the first of its kind in India?
Which seed testing facility was the first of its kind in India?
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When was the Central Potato Research Institute established?
When was the Central Potato Research Institute established?
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The All India Vegetable Seed Growers, Merchants and Nurserymen's Association was established in which year?
The All India Vegetable Seed Growers, Merchants and Nurserymen's Association was established in which year?
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What was one of the objectives of the First Five Year Plan initiated in 1951?
What was one of the objectives of the First Five Year Plan initiated in 1951?
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What has been one of the principal means to secure crop yields in less favorable production areas?
What has been one of the principal means to secure crop yields in less favorable production areas?
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What is a primary benefit of good quality seeds in agriculture?
What is a primary benefit of good quality seeds in agriculture?
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What role does seed play in the rehabilitation of agriculture after natural disasters?
What role does seed play in the rehabilitation of agriculture after natural disasters?
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Why is the establishment of National Seed Reserve Stocks important?
Why is the establishment of National Seed Reserve Stocks important?
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What is the primary purpose of seeds in forestry, excluding certain species like bamboo and cashew nut?
What is the primary purpose of seeds in forestry, excluding certain species like bamboo and cashew nut?
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How is seed production defined?
How is seed production defined?
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What does the term 'seed' refer to botanically?
What does the term 'seed' refer to botanically?
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Which of the following materials can be extracted from Jatropha curcas?
Which of the following materials can be extracted from Jatropha curcas?
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Which function of seed is primarily related to its economic impact?
Which function of seed is primarily related to its economic impact?
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Which plant is used as fodder material?
Which plant is used as fodder material?
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What significant development in seed science occurred in 1876?
What significant development in seed science occurred in 1876?
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What misconception may people have about the role of seeds in agriculture?
What misconception may people have about the role of seeds in agriculture?
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Which of the following statements about Terminalia chebula is correct?
Which of the following statements about Terminalia chebula is correct?
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Which species is known for being used in the extraction of illuminating oil?
Which species is known for being used in the extraction of illuminating oil?
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What role does a seed technologist play in agriculture?
What role does a seed technologist play in agriculture?
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Which plant provides a source for detergent?
Which plant provides a source for detergent?
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Study Notes
Seed Definition and Significance
- Seed is a living organism embedded in supporting tissue (food storage tissue)
- Seed is a fundamental input in agriculture, prioritising biological existence over economic yield.
- Seed is defined as a matured ovule, containing a developed embryo after fertilization.
- Any part of a plant with the ability to generate a new plant is also considered seed.
- Seeds are propagules, maintaining the intrinsic qualities of a variety or hybrid.
- Seeds consist of an embryo, food storage, and a protective coat. They are miniature plants in a dormant phase, linking generations and carrying service materials.
Seed in Agriculture
- Seed is the cheapest agricultural input.
- Seeds are the primary and essential input in agriculture, contributing to better utilization of other inputs.
- Quality seeds in quality soil lead to greater yields.
Seed vs. Grain
- Seed is a viable organism; grain does not need to be viable.
- Seed has higher genetic purity and must meet seed certification standards.
- Seed is usually treated with pesticides/fungicides for pest and fungal control.
- Seeds are typically certified, while grain doesn't require certification.
Importance of Seed
- Seed is crucial, as it is the only way to realize investment made in other inputs like pesticides, fertilizers, irrigation, and maintenance.
- Seed requires less initial capital and has a smaller cost compared to other agricultural inputs, but high yield depends on seed quality.
- It acts as a carrier of new technologies, crucial tools for securing a stable food supply.
- Seeds are fundamental to revitalizing agriculture after natural disasters.
- Seed production is linked to improvements in agricultural techniques and development of higher yielding varieties.
- There has been a significant increase in food production attributed to high yielding varieties over the last fifty years.
Seed Production
- Seed production is a systematic approach that encompasses care from acquisition to harvest for ensuring quality.
- The goal of seed production is higher income and higher quality seeds for future use.
- Key differentiators between seed and crop production include the need for authentic sources, isolation from other varieties, and maintenance of genetic purity.
- Seed should meet standards for quality and viability for optimal use.
Seed Characteristics
- Seeds must be vigorous
- Germination rate needs to be consistent and low
- Seeds should be free from infection
- Seeds should reflect their mother plant attributes
- Seeds should have proper moisture content
- Seeds should avoid mechanical damage
- Seeds should have good storability, lustre, and marketability.
Seed Uses
- Seeds are consumed/used in agriculture, forestry, and various industries like medicine, horticulture, and more.
- Seeds are a key component in propagation and reproduction for plants and trees.
Seed Industry History
- Seed testing was established in the 1800s.
- International seed testing standards developed in the early 20th century.
- Key seed industry events and developments in India were noted from the 1900s through the 2000s.
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Description
This quiz explores the essential role of seeds in agriculture, distinguishing between seeds and grains, and highlighting their biological significance. Understand how seeds function as both living organisms and critical agricultural inputs that link generations and enhance crop yields.
