Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks Quiz

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What is the composition of feldspars?

Silica and aluminum

Aluminosilicates with potassium, sodium, and/or calcium (correct)

Potassium and calcium

Aluminosilicates with magnesium and iron

Which mineral is the most abundant among the original minerals occurring in the soil?

Calcite

Hematite

Gypsum

Quartz (SiO2) (correct)

What is the process of leaching in soil?

Removal of materials in solution from the soil (correct)

Formation of clay minerals upon weathering

Removal of soil material in suspension from a layer or layers of a soil

Deposition of materials carried from an overlying layer

What characterizes secondary minerals?

They originate from chemical weathering of primary minerals Signup and view all the answers

What is the depth range of surface soil?

7-25 cm Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of Limonite?

Yellow-brown Signup and view all the answers

What is regolith composed of?

A, B, and C horizons Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral is known as 'paintrock' or red ochre?

Hematite Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of Dolomite?

CaMg(CO3)2 Signup and view all the answers

Which group consists of hydrated aluminosilicates that are colloidal in nature?

Clay group Signup and view all the answers

Which class of rocks crystallizes from a silicate melt called magma?

Igneous rocks Signup and view all the answers

What process do sedimentary rocks undergo that includes compaction and cementation?

Lithification and diagenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is shale formed from?

Clay sediments Signup and view all the answers

Which rock is derived from plants and animal residue?

Coal Signup and view all the answers

What causes the formation of Quartzite from sandstone?

Mineralogical changes Signup and view all the answers

Which rock results from changing sediments or rocks to a new form?

Marble Signup and view all the answers

What is the main process involved in physical weathering?

Mechanical disintegration Signup and view all the answers

Which rock is formed from shale?

Slate Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of soil properties according to the text?

To affect soil genesis Signup and view all the answers

Which category in the soil taxonomy is a subdivision of a soil order based on moisture and temperature regime?

Sub-order Signup and view all the answers

What do diagnostic horizons represent in the classification of soils?

Nature of soil formation Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is used to determine the dominant type of clay minerals in the soil?

Mineralogy Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'family' category in soil taxonomy?

To provide properties important for plant growth Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for subdividing a sub-order in the soil taxonomy?

Differences in horizons' arrangement Signup and view all the answers

How does topography influence soil formation?

By affecting the degree of soil erosion by water runoff Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of high runoff and low percolation on steep slopes?

Shallow soil profile with only A and C horizons present Signup and view all the answers

Which factor, along with climate, significantly affects the kind and quality of the world's soils?

Parent material Signup and view all the answers

How are Sedentary parent materials classified?

By gravity transportation (colluvial) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes Residual parent material?

Develops in place from underlying rock Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Transported parent material has undergone extensive weathering and is low in calcium and magnesium?

Gravity transportation (colluvial) Signup and view all the answers