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Questions and Answers
Approximately what percentage of the world's population is estimated to have schizophrenia?
Approximately what percentage of the world's population is estimated to have schizophrenia?
Which of the following is a common misconception about schizophrenia?
Which of the following is a common misconception about schizophrenia?
What is the relationship between schizophrenia and aggression?
What is the relationship between schizophrenia and aggression?
Which statement best describes the treatability of schizophrenia?
Which statement best describes the treatability of schizophrenia?
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Which of the following areas can schizophrenia affect?
Which of the following areas can schizophrenia affect?
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Which of the following is NOT typically considered a risk factor for schizophrenia?
Which of the following is NOT typically considered a risk factor for schizophrenia?
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Which of the following best describes a delusion?
Which of the following best describes a delusion?
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Which of the following is an example of a negative symptom of schizophrenia?
Which of the following is an example of a negative symptom of schizophrenia?
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What is the main difference between schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia?
What is the main difference between schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia?
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Which of the following best characterizes delusional disorder?
Which of the following best characterizes delusional disorder?
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First-generation antipsychotics primarily work by blocking which neurotransmitter?
First-generation antipsychotics primarily work by blocking which neurotransmitter?
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Which of the following is a common side effect associated with second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics?
Which of the following is a common side effect associated with second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics?
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Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of antidepressant medications?
Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of antidepressant medications?
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What is the primary target of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in treating mental health conditions?
What is the primary target of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in treating mental health conditions?
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What is the main goal of psychoeducation in the treatment of schizophrenia?
What is the main goal of psychoeducation in the treatment of schizophrenia?
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What is the primary focus of forensic psychiatry?
What is the primary focus of forensic psychiatry?
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Which of the following is NOT a common barrier to engagement in recreation therapy for individuals with schizophrenia?
Which of the following is NOT a common barrier to engagement in recreation therapy for individuals with schizophrenia?
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Which strategy is recommended to address disorganized thinking, as an illness side effect, during recreation therapy sessions?
Which strategy is recommended to address disorganized thinking, as an illness side effect, during recreation therapy sessions?
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What can Recreation Therapists do to offset the drowsiness side effect of medications?
What can Recreation Therapists do to offset the drowsiness side effect of medications?
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How can recreation therapy programs address the stigma surrounding mental illness?
How can recreation therapy programs address the stigma surrounding mental illness?
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Which intervention is LEAST likely aimed at addressing a lack of resources as a barrier to engagement?
Which intervention is LEAST likely aimed at addressing a lack of resources as a barrier to engagement?
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What is the purpose of having staff with physical-related certifications like yoga or personal training in recreation therapy?
What is the purpose of having staff with physical-related certifications like yoga or personal training in recreation therapy?
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Why is it important to pre-plan with patients who have other time commitments, such as other therapeutic programs or school/work priorities?
Why is it important to pre-plan with patients who have other time commitments, such as other therapeutic programs or school/work priorities?
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What is a PAR-Q form?
What is a PAR-Q form?
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Which intervention described is most likely a group activity involving music and memory?
Which intervention described is most likely a group activity involving music and memory?
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Which of the following is a primary benefit of increased movement for individuals with schizophrenia?
Which of the following is a primary benefit of increased movement for individuals with schizophrenia?
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What is a key element increasingly recognized in the treatment of mental illness?
What is a key element increasingly recognized in the treatment of mental illness?
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Which of the following is NOT a targeted goal of yoga sessions offered within the program?
Which of the following is NOT a targeted goal of yoga sessions offered within the program?
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What is a potential risk factor to be aware of when offering team sports as a therapeutic intervention?
What is a potential risk factor to be aware of when offering team sports as a therapeutic intervention?
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What is a cognitive benefit associated with participation in team sports?
What is a cognitive benefit associated with participation in team sports?
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What type of goals are more likely to produce better results?
What type of goals are more likely to produce better results?
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What is the primary role of other staff members during Goal Setting sessions?
What is the primary role of other staff members during Goal Setting sessions?
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What is one of the targeted goals of creative expression activities?
What is one of the targeted goals of creative expression activities?
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What element is crucial to track during Creative Expression sessions?
What element is crucial to track during Creative Expression sessions?
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What is the primary aim of community outings?
What is the primary aim of community outings?
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Community outings provide which key opportunity for patients?
Community outings provide which key opportunity for patients?
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What is a factor considered when selecting outings for Recreation Therapy?
What is a factor considered when selecting outings for Recreation Therapy?
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Which is NOT an example of a community outing?
Which is NOT an example of a community outing?
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According to the provided patient quote, what is one therapeutic benefit of art and music?
According to the provided patient quote, what is one therapeutic benefit of art and music?
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What is a potential health benefit of yoga?
What is a potential health benefit of yoga?
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Flashcards
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
A complex mental illness affecting thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
Prevalence of Schizophrenia
Prevalence of Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia occurs in 0.3% to 0.7% of the population globally.
Common Myths
Common Myths
Myths include believing schizophrenia is the same as multiple personalities.
Aggression and Schizophrenia
Aggression and Schizophrenia
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Treatment of Schizophrenia
Treatment of Schizophrenia
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Positive Symptoms
Positive Symptoms
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Negative Symptoms
Negative Symptoms
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Hallucinations
Hallucinations
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Delusions
Delusions
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Psychosis
Psychosis
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Antipsychotic Medications
Antipsychotic Medications
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Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
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Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)
Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)
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Schizoaffective Disorder
Schizoaffective Disorder
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Forensic Psychiatry
Forensic Psychiatry
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Barriers to Engagement
Barriers to Engagement
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Illness Side Effects
Illness Side Effects
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Medication Side Effects
Medication Side Effects
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Stigma
Stigma
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Lack of Resources
Lack of Resources
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Developed Skills
Developed Skills
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Other Time Commitments
Other Time Commitments
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Take Home Considerations
Take Home Considerations
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Recreation Therapy Interventions
Recreation Therapy Interventions
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Physical Benefits of Yoga
Physical Benefits of Yoga
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Psychological Benefits of Yoga
Psychological Benefits of Yoga
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Team Sports Benefits
Team Sports Benefits
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Cognitive Benefits of Team Sports
Cognitive Benefits of Team Sports
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Social Benefits of Team Sports
Social Benefits of Team Sports
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Goal Setting Importance
Goal Setting Importance
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SMART Goals
SMART Goals
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Creative Expression Benefits
Creative Expression Benefits
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Art as Therapy
Art as Therapy
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Community Outings Purpose
Community Outings Purpose
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Outings Frequency
Outings Frequency
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Selection Criteria for Outings
Selection Criteria for Outings
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Therapeutic Music and Art
Therapeutic Music and Art
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Teamwork and Sportsmanship
Teamwork and Sportsmanship
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Relational Skills through Sports
Relational Skills through Sports
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Study Notes
Schizophrenia Overview
- Schizophrenia is a complex mental illness impacting thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and relationships with others.
- It affects both men and women, slightly more common in men.
- First symptoms typically appear in late teens/early twenties, often earlier in men.
Prevalence and Myths
- Schizophrenia affects approximately 0.3% - 0.7% of the world's population.
- It's not accurate to say it affects every ethnicity, culture, and socio-economic group.
- It does not cause multiple personalities; this is a different disorder.
- Schizophrenia does not always cause aggression, less than 5% are violent.
- Treatment with medication and therapy can be effective in managing symptoms. Recovery is possible.
Causes and Risk Factors
- Genetics (60% - 80%) play a significant role.
- Brain development around birth and childhood is influential.
- Trauma or life altering events can be factors.
- Substance use in youth, including cannabis, can increase risk.
- Environmental factors, like urban living, may contribute.
Symptoms: Positive
- Hallucinations (false sensory experiences, like hearing or seeing things that aren't there)
- Delusions (false, fixed beliefs)
- Confused thoughts
- Disorganized speech
- Trouble concentrating
- Agitation
- Anxiety
Symptoms: Negative
- Loss of/inability to experience pleasure
- Trouble with speech
- Restricted or flat affect (limited emotional expression)
- Social withdrawal
- Decreased desire to socialize
- Lack of motivation
- Difficulty sleeping
Functional Impairment
- Positive and negative Symptoms lead to problems functioning in daily life which contributes to a decrease in quality of life.
Psychosis
- A group of symptoms, including hallucinations and delusions, indicating loss of touch with reality.
- Psychosis can be triggered by mental health conditions, substances, or other medical conditions, such as dementia or brain tumors.
- Other symptoms include lack of focus, isolation, and poor hygiene.
Other Spectrum Disorders
- Schizoaffective Disorder: Combination of schizophrenia symptoms and mood disorders (like bipolar or depression).
- Delusional Disorder: Characterized by false beliefs (delusions) lasting for more than a month but without hallucinations or other major psychotic symptoms.
- Both disorders are categorized under the schizophrenia spectrum.
Treatment Options
- Medication (often first): Antipsychotic medications are frequently used to reduce psychotic symptoms.
- Brain Stimulation Therapies: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are used in some cases when medication doesn't work.
- Psychosocial Therapies:
- Psychoeducation: Improves understanding and insight into the illness.
- Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT): Helps manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Changes thought patterns and improves coping skills. CBT-P, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Psychosis helps with responses to hallucinations and delusions.
Medication Types
- Antipsychotic Medications: Reduce or relieve symptoms of psychosis. First generation (typical) antipsychotics block dopamine. Second generation (atypical) antipsychotics block dopamine and serotonin . Side effects vary but can include drowsiness, constipation, muscle stiffness, weight gain, dry mouth.
- Antidepressant Medications: Affect brain chemicals. Types include Lexapro, Prozac, Zoloft. Side effects include jitteriness, dry mouth, nausea and weight gain.
- These are just some types.
Brain Stimulation Therapies
- Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) are considered a last resort when medication doesn't work.
Barriers to Engagement
- Illness side effects (e.g., difficulty thinking or moving)
- Medication side effects (e.g, drowsiness, weight gain)
- Stigma (negative beliefs about mental illness)
- Lack of resources (e.g., financial, social)
- Lack of developed skills (e.g., social skills, life skills)
- Other commitments (e.g., school, work, family)
Recreation Therapy & Schizophrenia
- Plays a major role in forensic psychiatry; involves treatment considerations, evidence-based programs, and community integration.
- Forensic psychiatry focuses on the legal issues surrounding mental health conditions, including assessments for fitness to stand trial.
- Community integration aims to help people with schizophrenia re-integrate into daily life and improve their overall well-being.
Recreation Therapy Interventions
- Yoga, Cricut, Photovoice, Team sports, Community Outings, Chair One Fitness, and Creative Expressions. Each intervention has specific targeted goals and benefits.
Take Home Considerations and Activities
- Considerations include program length, program variability, physical activity clearance, safety, and risk considerations.
- Some suggestions for activities, such as yoga and team sports, are provided.
Patient Quotes
- Patient testimonials highlight the positive impacts of recreation therapy in reducing stress, increasing relaxation, and promoting self-discovery.
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Description
Test your knowledge about schizophrenia and its related topics with this engaging quiz. From misconceptions and symptoms to treatment options, explore various aspects that define this complex mental health disorder. Perfect for students and professionals in psychology and psychiatry.