Psychology Chapter on Schizophrenia Disorders
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Psychology Chapter on Schizophrenia Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary difference between Schizotypal Personality Disorder and schizophrenia?

  • Schizotypal Personality Disorder is characterized by multiple personality states.
  • Schizotypal Personality Disorder does not involve a deteriorating course. (correct)
  • Schizotypal Personality Disorder shows more severe cognitive distortions.
  • Schizotypal Personality Disorder includes delusions and hallucinations.

    • Which disorder is characterized by the presence of inappropriate affect, ambivalence, looseness of association, and peculiar behavior?

  • Dissociative Identity Disorder
  • Schizophrenia (correct)
  • Borderline Personality Disorder
  • Schizotypal Personality Disorder

    • Which of the following is NOT a primary symptom used to diagnose schizophrenia?

  • Hallucinations
  • Affect
  • Delusions
  • Aggression (correct)

    • What term is used for disorders that were previously classified under schizophrenia but are now under the schizophrenia spectrum?

    <p>Schizophreniform Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder is defined by the presence of delusions but not necessarily by disorganized thinking?

    <p>Delusional Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the classification of certain psychiatric disorders change in DSM V?

    <p>Several psychotic disorders were merged into the schizophrenia spectrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about the nature of Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

    <p>It is essentially the same as schizophrenia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is primarily associated with psychotic disorders rather than personality disorders?

    <p>Looseness of association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential treatment for schizoaffective disorder?

    <p>Mood stabilizers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long must an episode of disturbance last to be considered schizoaffective disorder?

    <p>At least 1 day but less than 1 month</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a hallmark of schizoaffective disorder?

    <p>Presence of anxiety disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be ruled out before diagnosing schizoaffective disorder?

    <p>Substance effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition does schizoaffective disorder share features with?

    <p>Mood disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of medication was noted to be ineffective on its own in improving symptoms for an individual with schizoaffective disorder?

    <p>Antipsychotic medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following must be present for diagnosing schizoaffective disorder?

    <p>Mood disturbances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates schizoaffective disorder from schizophrenia?

    <p>Involvement of mood symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant characteristic of Type 1 schizophrenia?

    <p>Delusions and hallucinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is associated with Type 2 schizophrenia?

    <p>Anhedonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prognostic expectation for individuals with Type 1 schizophrenia?

    <p>Optimistic with good response to medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for a diagnosis related to the symptom phase in schizophrenia?

    <p>Two symptoms present for 1 month</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT characterize Type 2 schizophrenia?

    <p>Good response to medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of the course of schizophrenia?

    <p>Relapsing and remitting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor impacting the prognosis of Type 1 schizophrenia?

    <p>Hyperdopaminergic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is specifically associated with the prodromal phase of schizophrenia?

    <p>Deterioration in levels of functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of schizoaffective disorder?

    <p>An uninterrupted period of major mood episode concurrent with symptoms of schizophrenia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which criterion is required for a diagnosis of schizophrenia?

    <p>Two or more symptoms lasting for 1 month, with at least one being a delusion, hallucination, or disorganized speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What intervention was needed for the individual to be admitted to the hospital?

    <p>A police escort due to a crisis situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT a criterion for a major depressive episode?

    <p>Exaggerated sense of self-importance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long did the individual experience depression after leaving the hospital?

    <p>About two years with virtually no improvements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the common feelings reported by the individual during the depression?

    <p>Persistent suicidal thoughts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the individual find challenging after being admitted to the hospital?

    <p>Accepting the reality of their situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the prognosis of schizoaffective disorder compared to other disorders?

    <p>It has a worse prognosis than schizophrenia but better than mood disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ego disintegration in schizophrenia signify?

    <p>A return to an earlier libidinal stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain regions are mentioned as showing reduced symmetry in schizophrenia?

    <p>Frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may impaired reality testing lead to in individuals with schizophrenia?

    <p>Hallucinations and delusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which developmental stage does ego disintegration typically occur in schizophrenia?

    <p>When the id is dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested as a potential cause for disruption in brain lateralization during neurodevelopment?

    <p>Stressful or traumatic events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might enable an individual with schizophrenia to interpret reality differently?

    <p>Altered sensations and perceptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a nihilistic delusion?

    <p>Thinking one has lost all sense of purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be an important consideration for a psychiatrist when assessing a delusion of reference?

    <p>The reason behind the particular delusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Schizotypal Personality Disorder

    • Characterized by eccentric behavior, thoughts, and interpersonal difficulties.
    • Distinct from schizophrenia, which is a primary psychotic disorder.
    • Misconceptions often lead to confusion with dissociative disorders, such as split personality.

    Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

    • DSM-V classifies schizophrenia and related disorders under a unified spectrum, emphasizing shared features.
    • Key symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and inappropriate affect.
    • Cultural responses that are sanctioned should not be considered symptoms.

    Schizophreniform Disorder

    • Episodes last from 1 day to less than 1 month, leading to a full return to premorbid functioning.
    • Diagnosis requires ruling out major mood disorders or substance-related effects.

    Brief Psychotic Disorder

    • Characterized by short-term psychotic episodes that can arise suddenly, also requiring a return to normal functioning.

    Schizoaffective Disorder

    • Features both schizophrenia symptoms and mood disorder symptoms (mania or depression).
    • Must have at least 2 of 5 specified symptoms with necessary mood episodes present for at least 1 month.

    Delusional Disorder

    • Defined by persistent delusions without other significant symptoms of schizophrenia.
    • Symptoms can include various types of delusions, typically involving misinterpretations of reality.

    Type 1 and Type 2 Schizophrenia

    • Type 1: Active symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations, good medication response, and a more optimistic prognosis.
    • Type 2: Characterized by negative symptoms (social withdrawal, flat affect) and poorer medication response, leading to a grim outlook.

    Natural History of Schizophrenia

    • Functioning levels can deteriorate during the prodrome phase before an acute episode occurs.
    • After the initial episode, the functioning can plateau with chronic symptoms persisting.

    Neurodevelopmental Factors

    • Reduced symmetry in brain regions (frontal, temporal, occipital lobes) may influence the emergence of schizophrenia.
    • Neurodevelopmental interruptions may lead to ego disintegration, distorting reality perception.

    Treatment Modalities

    • Various medications are used including mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and antidepressants depending on the disorder.
    • Psychotherapy plays a crucial role in managing symptoms and improving outcomes.

    Personal Accounts of Schizoaffective Disorder

    • Individuals may experience significant challenges, including confusion during the onset of symptoms.
    • The importance of medication management is highlighted, with many finding success when combining mood stabilizers with antipsychotics.
    • Personal narratives illustrate the complexity of managing the disorder, including suicidal ideations and the need for hospital intervention.

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    Description

    Explore the intricacies of various schizophrenia spectrum disorders, including schizotypal personality disorder and brief psychotic disorder. This quiz delves into their characteristics, key symptoms, and distinctions from other mental health conditions. Test your knowledge on these complex topics in psychology.

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