32 Questions
What are the two classes of ribosomes based on their size?
70S and 80S
Who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of ribosomes?
George Palade
What is the composition of ribosomes in terms of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein?
60% rRNA, 40% protein
Who proposed the term 'ribosome' in 1958?
RB Roberts
Where does ribosome biogenesis take place in eukaryotic cells?
Nucleolus
Which ribosomal RNA is made outside of the nucleolus in eukaryotic cells?
5S rRNA
What is the function of the peptidyl-site (P site) on the ribosome?
It holds the t-RNA molecule that is linked to the growing end of the polypeptide chain
Where are free ribosomes mainly found?
Prokaryotes
Which ribosomal subunit binds some structural ribosomal proteins and assembles the small subunits?
40S
What is the role of attached ribosomes to the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
Make proteins for export or inclusion in the cell's membranes
What is the function of the aminoacyl-site (A site) on the ribosome?
It holds the coming t-RNA molecule charged with an amino acid
What is the precursor RNA molecule for ribosomal RNA in eukaryotic cells?
45S rRNA
Which antibiotic blocks the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of the ribosome in prokaryotic cells?
Tetracycline
Where are polysomes found in the cell cytoplasm?
Cytosol
What is the function of the exit site (E site) on the ribosome?
It is the site for tRNA release from the ribosome
Which ribosomal RNA provides the structural core of each ribosomal subunit?
23S rRNA
What did George Palade receive the Nobel Prize in Medicine for in 1974?
Discovery of ribosomes
What is the composition of ribosomes in terms of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein?
60% rRNA, 40% protein
Which scientist proposed the term 'ribosome' in 1958?
RB Roberts
Where are 70S ribosomes found?
Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic cell’s organelles
Where does ribosome biogenesis take place in eukaryotic cells?
In the nucleolus
What is the function of the peptidyl-site (P site) on the ribosome?
It holds the t-RNA molecule linked to the growing end of the polypeptide chain
Where are free ribosomes mainly found?
Prokaryotes
Which antibiotic blocks the peptidyl transferase reaction on ribosomes?
Chloramphenicol
What is the composition of the eucaryotic ribosome in terms of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein?
80S : 28S, 5.8S and 5S rRNA + 49 proteins
What is the role of attached ribosomes to the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
Synthesis of secretory proteins
Where are 70S ribosomes found?
In prokaryotic cells
What is the function of the aminoacyl-site (A site) on the ribosome?
It holds the coming t-RNA molecule charged with an amino acid
What is the precursor RNA molecule for ribosomal RNA in eukaryotic cells?
45S rRNA
What is the composition of free ribosomes in terms of proteins?
21 proteins
Where are polysomes found in the cell cytoplasm?
In all cell types
Which ribosomal RNA provides the structural core of each ribosomal subunit?
23S rRNA
Test your knowledge of ribosomes in medical biology with this quiz. Explore the functions and structures of ribosomes and their roles in protein synthesis.
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