40 Questions
What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled from the lungs?
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
What is the term for the volume of air remaining in the respiratory passage and lungs after the most forceful expiration?
Residual Volume (RV)
What is the term for the amount of air inspired forcefully after inspiration of normal tidal volume?
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled from the lungs after a full inspiration?
Vital Capacity (VC)
What is the ratio that reflects the amount of air you can forcefully exhale from your lungs?
FEV1/FVC
What is the term for the volume of air inspired or expired during a normal inspiration or expiration?
Tidal Volume (TV)
What is the term for the amount of air that can be forcefully expired after expiration of normal tidal volume?
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
What is the term for the volume of air that remains in the lungs after normal expiration?
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)
What is the term for the maximum amount of air that can be contained in the lungs?
Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
What is the term for the volume of air that can be inspired forcefully after normal tidal volume inspiration?
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?
Digestion
What is the term for the use of oxygen by an organism to make energy, with the production of carbon dioxide as a waste product?
Respiration
Which of the following is a vital sign that CANNOT be recorded in the dental surgery?
Blood glucose level
What is the term for the movement of oxygen throughout the body and the removal of waste gases like carbon dioxide?
Respiratory transport
What is the primary role of the muscles in the respiratory system?
To power breathing
Which of the following is a clinical correlation that can affect respiratory function?
Finger clubbing
What is the term for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream?
Gaseous exchange
What is the term for the movement of air into and out of the lungs?
Ventilation
What is the term for the rate at which an individual breathes?
Respiratory rate
What is the primary difference between obstructive and restrictive conditions in the respiratory system?
Ability to inhale or exhale
At which site does the gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occur in the lungs?
Alveolar-capillary membrane
What is the primary force that drives gas exchange in the lungs?
Diffusion
What is the term for the pressure of a single type of gas in a mixture of gases?
Partial pressure
What is the approximate partial pressure of oxygen in venous blood?
40 mmHg
What is the primary function of external respiration?
Transfer of O2 from inhaled air to blood and CO2 from blood to air
What is the term for the process of gas exchange that occurs at the tissue level?
Internal respiration
What is the primary factor that drives the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the alveolar-capillary membrane?
Partial pressure gradient
What is the effect of increased pulmonary ventilation on the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli?
Increases the partial pressure of oxygen
What is the primary difference between the fluctuations in partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood?
Oxygen has a larger fluctuation than carbon dioxide
What is the primary advantage of increasing tidal volume during exercise?
Increasing the depth of breathing
In which disease state is alveolar dead space significant?
COPD
What is the term for the relationship between pH and oxygen carrying capacity?
Bohr effect
What is the effect of an increase in erythrocyte DPG on haemoglobin oxygen affinity?
Decreases oxygen affinity
What is the primary effect of hyperventilation on the blood?
Decreases CO2 levels
What is the effect of respiratory alkalosis on freely ionised calcium in the blood?
Decreases freely ionised calcium
What is the term for the ability of the lungs to remove mucus from respiratory passageways?
Mucociliary clearance
What is the effect of ageing on vital capacity and respiratory rate?
Decreases vital capacity and respiratory rate
What is the term for the volume of air that can be exhaled from the lungs after maximum inspiration?
Forced vital capacity
What is the effect of a respiratory depressant on the body?
Decreases respiratory rate
Learn about the structure and function of the respiratory system, including gaseous exchange, transport, and ventilation. Understand the effects of various clinical correlations and pathologies on respiratory function.
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