COPY: Respiratory System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What structures are included in the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

  • Diaphragm and intercostal muscles
  • Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and trachea (correct)
  • Alveoli and capillaries only
  • Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli

    • Which of the following is NOT a major function of the respiratory system?

  • To produce sound through phonation
  • To transport nutrients throughout the body (correct)
  • To supply the body with oxygen
  • To dispose of carbon dioxide

    • What is the primary role of respiratory mucosa within the nasal cavity?

  • To secrete mucus that destroys bacteria (correct)
  • To filter large particles from exhaled air
  • To facilitate gas exchange between air and blood
  • To provide structural support to the nose

    • Which respiratory muscles are primarily responsible for ventilation?

    <p>Diaphragm and other ancillary muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves gas exchange between systemic blood vessels and tissues?

    <p>Internal respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option describes the sites of gas exchange in the respiratory zone?

    <p>Bronchioles and alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of pulmonary ventilation primarily involves what action?

    <p>Movement of air into and out of the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key function of the nose in the respiratory system?

    <p>Cleaning inspired air of foreign matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is most directly involved in the exchange of gases?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes is involved in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide?

    <p>Internal respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the true vocal cords?

    <p>To produce sound through vibration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes false vocal cords?

    <p>They are superior to true vocal cords and do not play a role in sound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of the trachea characterized by?

    <p>C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the air as it enters the bronchi?

    <p>It is warmed and cleansed of impurities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the structural changes in bronchi affect the airways as they branch?

    <p>Cartilage support decreases while smooth muscle increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic applies to bronchioles?

    <p>They have a complete layer of circular smooth muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the respiratory zone of the respiratory system?

    <p>The presence of alveoli and associated structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of alveoli in the lungs?

    <p>They provide extensive surface area for gas exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the bronchial tree is true?

    <p>The structure of bronchi resembles that of the trachea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a feature of the mucosa in the trachea?

    <p>It is composed of dense connective tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nasopharynx?

    <p>To strictly serve as an air passageway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure lies posterior to the larynx and serves as a common passageway for both air and food?

    <p>Laryngopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anatomical position of the oropharynx?

    <p>Between the nasopharynx and laryngopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cartilage forms the laryngeal prominence, commonly known as the Adam’s apple?

    <p>Thyroid cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During swallowing, which structure closes the laryngeal inlet to prevent food from entering the trachea?

    <p>Epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what cervical vertebra level does the pharynx extend to?

    <p>Sixth cervical vertebra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the pharynx contains the palatine and lingual tonsils?

    <p>Oropharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelial lining is found in the oropharynx?

    <p>Protective stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is NOT part of the larynx?

    <p>Pharyngeal tonsil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the pharyngotympanic tubes in the nasopharynx?

    <p>Equalize pressure in the middle ear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the structure of the right lung?

    <p>It is divided into three lobes by oblique and horizontal fissures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the parietal pleura play in the thoracic cavity?

    <p>It covers the thoracic wall and diaphragm's superior face.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of breathing does air flow into the lungs?

    <p>Inspiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary division of the thoracic cavity created by the visceral pleura?

    <p>The central mediastinum and two lateral compartments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical feature is specifically associated with the left lung?

    <p>A cardiac notch for heart accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly differentiates expiration from inspiration?

    <p>Expiration is the phase where gases exit the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many lobes does the left lung have?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical feature is unique to the right lung compared to the left lung?

    <p>Separation by a horizontal fissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the pleurae in the thoracic cavity?

    <p>To support lung structures and facilitate breathing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of lung anatomy, which description is accurate?

    <p>The right lung has more lobes than the left lung.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

    <p>To supply the body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The conducting zone is responsible for gas exchange in the respiratory system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure closes during swallowing to prevent food from entering the nasal cavity?

    <p>Soft palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The laryngopharynx serves only as a passageway for air.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one component of the respiratory zone.

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ is the only externally visible part of the respiratory system.

    <p>nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three regions of the pharynx?

    <p>Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the respiratory processes with their functions:

    <p>Pulmonary ventilation = Moving air into and out of the lungs External respiration = Gas exchange between the lungs and blood Transport = Transport of gases between lungs and tissues Internal respiration = Gas exchange between systemic blood vessels and tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___ cartilage is known for its shield shape and is called the Adam’s apple.

    <p>thyroid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is primarily responsible for ventilation?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each part of the pharynx with its main function:

    <p>Nasopharynx = Air passageway Oropharynx = Common passageway for food and air Laryngopharynx = Divergence of respiratory and digestive pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nasal cavity is lined with mucosa that secretes mucus containing enzymes to destroy bacteria.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what cervical vertebra level does the pharynx extend down to?

    <p>Sixth cervical vertebra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of moistened air entering the respiratory system?

    <p>To protect the respiratory tract and facilitate gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pharyngotympanic tubes open into the nasopharynx.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelial lining is found in the oropharynx?

    <p>Stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of gas exchange in the lungs is referred to as _____ respiration.

    <p>external</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process occurs within the respiratory zone?

    <p>Gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The larynx opens into the ___ and is continuous with the trachea posteriorly.

    <p>laryngopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for covering the laryngeal inlet during swallowing?

    <p>Epiglottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the cavity that accommodates the heart in the left lung?

    <p>Cardiac notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The right lung is divided into two lobes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two phases of pulmonary ventilation?

    <p>Inspiration and expiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ pleura covers the external surface of the lungs.

    <p>visceral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the lung with their descriptions:

    <p>Left lung = Separated into upper and lower lobes Right lung = Divided into three lobes Parietal pleura = Covers the thoracic wall Visceral pleura = Covers the external lung surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure separates the lobes of the right lung?

    <p>Oblique fissure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pleurae are a single-layered membrane surrounding the lungs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central space in the thoracic cavity called?

    <p>Mediastinum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inspiration leads to a decrease in _____ pressure within the thoracic cavity, causing air to flow into the lungs.

    <p>intrathoracic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the true vocal cords?

    <p>They vibrate to produce sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the pleura continues around the heart and between the lungs?

    <p>Parietal pleura</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The false vocal cords play a significant role in sound production.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medial opening between the true vocal cords called?

    <p>glottis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The trachea is supported by C-shaped rings made of _______.

    <p>hyaline cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the respiratory system with their characteristics:

    <p>Trachea = C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage Bronchi = Tissue walls mimic the trachea Bronchioles = Complete layer of circular smooth muscle Alveoli = Primary sites for gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the primary function of bronchi?

    <p>Transporting warm and cleansed air to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The conducting zone includes structures where gas exchange occurs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many orders of branching occur in the lungs from the bronchi?

    <p>23</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The structural changes in the bronchi include a decrease in _______ and an increase in _______.

    <p>cartilage support, smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of bronchioles?

    <p>They have a complete layer of circular smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

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