Respiratory System Anatomy and Function Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which structure in the respiratory system regulates the volume of air that enters the lungs?

  • Vocal cords (correct)
  • Conchae
  • Epiglottis
  • Eustachian tubes

What is the function of the conchae in the nose?

  • Produce mucus to trap debris
  • Regulate the volume of air in the lungs
  • Connect the nasal cavity to the ears
  • Disrupt air flow to clean and warm incoming air (correct)

What is the main pathway for air in the respiratory system?

  • Nose (correct)
  • Eustachian tubes
  • Epiglottis
  • Conchae

Which structure separates the right and left nostrils in the nasal cavity?

<p>Septum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What slows down the cilia in the respiratory system, potentially resulting in a runny nose?

<p>Cold air (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the sense of smell area located in the respiratory system?

<p>Nasal cavity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of alveolar macrophages in the respiratory system?

<p>To clean debris and kill pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lung has a cardiac notch?

<p>Left lung (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pleural fluid in the respiratory system?

<p>To lubricate the lungs and keep them in place (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pulmonary artery?

<p>To carry deoxygenated blood away from the lungs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pressure allows the lungs to remain inflated by creating a difference with atmospheric pressure?

<p>Intrapleural pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influences ventilation due to the size of the lungs and air passage size?

<p>Resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for air that never reaches the alveoli in the respiratory system?

<p>Anatomical dead space (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total volume of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs called?

<p>Vital capacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is tidal volume?

<p>The air entering the lungs during quiet breathing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the smallest area where gas exchange takes place within the lungs known as?

<p>Alveolar sac (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperpnea?

<p>An increase in ventilation not fully understood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does increasing altitude lead to a decrease in hemoglobin saturation?

<p>Higher altitude decreases atmospheric pressure affecting hemoglobin saturation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main issue with exercising at high altitudes?

<p>The inability to supplement oxygen inhalation due to low reserves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what altitude does Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) usually occur?

<p>Around 8000 ft or higher (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) treated?

<p>By descending to a lower altitude and higher oxygen pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fetal breathing movements during pregnancy?

<p>To inhale and exhale amniotic fluid for muscle development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the dorsal respiratory group (DRG) located in the medulla oblongata?

<p>Sends signals to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles to contract (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which center in the pons inhibits the dorsal respiratory group (DRG)?

<p>Pneumotaxic center (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ventral respiratory group (VRG) in the medulla oblongata?

<p>Stimulates accessory muscles for forced inspiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the medulla and pons control breathing depth and rate?

<p>By detecting toxic carbon dioxide levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes an increase in breathing rate to remove toxic carbon dioxide from the body?

<p>Increase in hydrogen ions due to carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In external respiration, where does oxygen have a lower amount in the blood?

<p>Capillaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a pulse oximeter?

<p>Test saturation level of hemoglobin carrying oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which form does most bicarbonate travel in the body?

<p>Erythrocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when carbon dioxide binds to hemoglobin after oxygen has been released?

<p>It decreases hemoglobin saturation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperpnea?

<p>Increase in rate and depth of ventilation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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