Anatomy LE 1: Clinical Correlation of the Upper Limbs ❌️❌️❌️
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Questions and Answers

What is the diagnosis of a patient with a limited range of motion in the shoulder?

  • Rotator cuff tear
  • Dislocated shoulder
  • Adhesive capsulitis (correct)
  • Shoulder impingement

    • What is the purpose of the Jobe test?

  • To diagnose impingement of the shoulder and rotator cuff tears (correct)
  • To diagnose dislocated shoulder
  • To diagnose adhesive capsulitis
  • To diagnose sprains

    • What is the diagnosis of the patient's condition?

  • Recurrent shoulder dislocation secondary to Scapular Plane Injury
  • Recurrent shoulder dislocation secondary to Rotator Cuff Tear
  • Recurrent shoulder dislocation secondary to SLAP lesion
  • Recurrent shoulder dislocation secondary to Bankart lesion (correct)

    • What is the treatment for adhesive capsulitis?

    <p>Prolonged physical therapy and rehab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the provocative test for biceps tear?

    <p>To reproduce anterior shoulder pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the plane in which the arm is elevated during the Jobe test?

    <p>Scapular plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the procedure used to repair a rotator cuff tear?

    <p>Arthroscopic repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for the patient's condition when shoulder dislocation is still present even after extensive rehab protocol?

    <p>Arthroscopic Bankart Repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the superior labral tear from anterior to posterior?

    <p>SLAP lesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the radiograph in the patient's diagnosis?

    <p>To visualize the proximal humerus in relation to the glenoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis for a patient with a ring finger that becomes 'locked' in a flexed position at the PIPJ?

    <p>Trigger finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first line of treatment for a patient with trigger finger?

    <p>NSAIDS, wrist splint, activity modification, and steroid injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of releasing the A1 pulley in the treatment of trigger finger?

    <p>To allow for proper gliding of the tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common name for the condition where the finger becomes 'locked' in a flexed position?

    <p>Trigger finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for surgical release of the A1 pulley in the treatment of trigger finger?

    <p>If symptoms persist after conservative management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis of the patient with a valgus deformity of the elbow?

    <p>Cubitus Valgus Deformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for a patient with cubitus valgus deformity secondary to malunited supracondylar fracture?

    <p>Osteotomy with ulnar nerve transposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis of the patient with lateral sided elbow pain when washing dishes?

    <p>Lateral Epicondylitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial treatment for a patient with lateral epicondylitis?

    <p>Activity modification, ice, NSAIDS, and physical therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended procedure if symptoms of lateral epicondylitis persist after conservative management?

    <p>Release and debridement of ECRB origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the rotator cuff?

    <p>Pectoralis major</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the rotator cuff muscles?

    <p>To stabilize the glenohumeral joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ligaments is responsible for connecting the clavicle to the acromion?

    <p>Acromioclavicular ligaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the movement of the arm in the scapular plane?

    <p>Abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common diagnosis related to rotator cuff tears?

    <p>Shoulder impingement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tendons are involved in a Rotator Cuff Tear?

    <p>Supra and infraspinatus tendons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes shoulder impingement?

    <p>Thickening of the acromioclavicular joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible surgical treatment for a Rotator Cuff Tear if rehabilitation and physical therapy do not improve the condition?

    <p>Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Spurling's test in shoulder examinations?

    <p>To rule out cervical spinal lesions that may cause shoulder pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the test that is used to assess pain during internal rotation of the arm?

    <p>Hawkins' test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis of the patient with a fracture in the wrist?

    <p>Fracture Closed Complete Displaced Distal 3rd Radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Durkan's test?

    <p>To diagnose Carpal Tunnel Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for the patient with a fracture in the wrist?

    <p>Conservative Management with closed reduction and splint/cast immobilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a positive Tinnel's test?

    <p>Paresthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis of the patient with paresthesia over the thumb, IF, LF, and radial border of RF?

    <p>Carpal Tunnel Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the radiograph in the patient's diagnosis?

    <p>To confirm the diagnosis of a fracture in the wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Frykman classification used for?

    <p>Classifying distal radius fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

    <p>Conservative Management with splinting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a positive Durkan's test?

    <p>Paresthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Shoulder Injuries Diagnosis and Treatment

    • Rotator Cuff Tear: Affects supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons.
    • Jobe Test and Hawkins Test: Utilized to assess shoulder pain and impingement.
    • Symptoms of shoulder impingement include pain during range of motion (ROM).
    • Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder): Characterized by limited motion and requires long-term physical therapy (approximately 6 months).
    • Recurrent Shoulder Dislocation: Associated with Bankart lesion, requiring closed reduction or arthroscopic repair if constant dislocations occur.

    Elbow Anatomy and Conditions

    • Humerus Articulation:
      • Trochlea articulates with proximal ulna.
      • Capitellum articulates with proximal radius.
    • Cubitus Valgus Deformity: Occurs when a supracondylar fracture heals inappropriately, leading to ulnar nerve complications. Treatment involves osteotomy and nerve transposition.

    Common Hand and Wrist Issues

    • Trigger Finger: Presents with locked finger in flexed position, usually managed conservatively using NSAIDs, splints, and steroid injections.
    • Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow): Pain on resisted wrist extension, often treated with activity modification and physical therapy.

    Case Assessments

    • Patient histories highlight various upper limb conditions, including recurrent dislocations, pain in the shoulder and elbow, and complications from sports injuries.
    • Diagnostic Tests: Spurling’s test for cervical lesions, Durkan’s and Tinnel’s tests for carpal tunnel syndrome.

    Radiographic Findings

    • Imaging may reveal fractures or dislocations, such as:
      • Distal radius fracture with dorsal displacement.
      • Anterior dislocation of the proximal humerus.

    Treatment Overview

    • Conservative management includes physical therapy, NSAIDs, and activity modifications.
    • Surgical interventions may involve arthroscopy or open techniques for persistent symptoms.
    • Continuous assessment of ROM and symptoms is critical for effective treatment plans.

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