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Questions and Answers

What is the process of modifying an existing schema to include new, differing information called?

Conception

Assimilation

Attachment

Accommodation (correct)

At what age range does the concrete operational stage of cognitive development occur according to Piaget's theory?

7 to 11 years (correct)

Birth to 2 years

11 to 16 years

2 to 7 years

Which parenting style is characterized by high demands and low responsiveness?

Neglectful

Authoritarian (correct)

Authoritative

Permissive

What does the cognitive development domain specifically examine?

Learning, memory, and reasoning Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the period of development that commences at puberty?

Adolescence Signup and view all the answers

Which attachment style is described as unresponsive to the parent and not using the parent as a secure base?

Avoidant attachment Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of conservation in cognitive development?

The understanding that objects maintain their properties despite changes in form Signup and view all the answers

What is discontinuous development?

The perspective that development occurs in unique stages at specific ages Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of permissive parenting style?

Parents make few demands and rarely use punishment. Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of cognitive development involves the use of symbols and language but a lack of understanding of mental operations?

Preoperational stage Signup and view all the answers

What does the psychosocial development process by Erikson emphasize?

Social tasks are mastered in stages throughout life. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'secure attachment' in child development?

The child uses the parent as a secure base for exploration. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes secondary sexual characteristics?

Physical signs of sexual maturation not involving sex organs. Signup and view all the answers

What does the placenta provide to the developing baby?

Nourishment and oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What does reversibility refer to in cognitive development?

The principle that objects can change and return to their original state. Signup and view all the answers

What is a schema in the context of cognitive development?

A concept used to categorize and interpret information. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of attachment is most often associated with children that have experienced abuse?

Disorganized attachment Signup and view all the answers

What legal document specifies that no efforts should be made to revive a patient if their heart stops?

Do not resuscitate (DNR) Signup and view all the answers

What developmental stage is characterized by a child's difficulty in taking the perspective of others?

Preoperational stage Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'embryo' refer to?

An early stage of a multi-cellular organism Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'menarche' refer to?

The beginning of the menstrual period Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of cognitive development is characterized by the ability to handle abstract concepts?

Formal operational stage Signup and view all the answers

What does 'normative approach' in developmental studies involve?

Using age-related milestones for comparison Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the concepts of 'nature' and 'nurture'?

The influence of environment and culture on development Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Keywords and Accommodation Adjustment

Accommodation is adjusting a schema by changing it to fit new information that differs from existing knowledge.
Adolescence is a developmental period starting at puberty and ending in early adulthood.
Adrenarche is the maturation of adrenal glands.
Advance directives are written legal documents detailing a person's wishes regarding medical interventions (e.g., living wills).
Assimilation is adjusting a schema by adding new information that's similar to existing knowledge.
Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others.
Authoritarian parenting emphasizes conformity and obedience, often being rigid and showing little warmth towards the child.
Authoritative parenting sets reasonable demands and consistent limits, while expressing warmth and affection, and listening to the child's viewpoint.
Avoidant attachment is characterized by a child's lack of responsiveness to a parent, not using the parent as a secure base, and showing little concern if the parent leaves.
Cognitive development examines learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity.
Cognitive empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of others.
Conception is the fertilization of an egg by a sperm, forming a zygote.
Concrete operational stage (7-11 years) is the third stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development where children can think logically about tangible events.
Conservation is the understanding that the quantity of something remains the same despite changes in its appearance.
Continuous development views development as a gradual process, enhancing existing abilities over time.
Critical (sensitive) period during fetal development is when specific body parts/organs develop.
Developmental milestones are the approximate ages at which children achieve specific normative events in their development.

Additional Development Stages and Concepts

Discontinuous development suggests development happens in unique stages at specific times.
Disorganized attachment is characterized by strange behaviors in children when faced with their parent, often associated with abuse.
DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) is a legal document instructing medical personnel not to attempt life-saving measures if breathing or heart stops.
Egocentrism is a preoperational child's difficulty understanding another person's perspective.
Embryo is a multi-cellular organism in its early development stages.
Emerging adulthood is a new developmental period (18-20s) where individuals commonly take longer to complete college, establish a career, and start families compared to previous generations.
Fine motor skills involve using small muscle groups for precise actions.
Formal operational stage (11+): the final stage of Piaget's cognitive theory where individuals engage with abstract ideas and hypothetical situations.
Gonadarche is the maturation of the sex glands.
Gross motor skills are large body movements controlled by major muscles.
Health care proxy is a legal document identifying a designated person to make medical decisions for an individual who can't.
Hospices provide care for people at the end of life, focusing on comfort.
Living wills are documents allowing individuals to dictate their wishes regarding life support.
Menarche is the initiation of menstruation.
Mitosis is the process of cell division.
Motor skills involve movement and object manipulation.
Nature refers to genes and biological factors influencing development.
Newborn reflexes are innate responses to stimulation.
Normative approach to development studies average ages for developmental milestones.
Nurture refers to environmental and cultural factors in development.
Object permanence means understanding that something still exists even if it's out of sight.
Permissive parenting style makes few demands and rarely uses punishment.
Physical development examines changes in the body, brain, senses, motor skills, and health.
Placenta is the organ providing nourishment and oxygen to the developing fetus.
Prenatal care is medical attention during pregnancy.
Preoperational stage is the second stage in Piaget's theory (age 2-7) where symbolic thought emerges.
Primary sexual characteristics relate to reproduction.
Psychosexual development focuses on how pleasure-seeking urges evolve over the course of life.
Psychosocial development is about emotional and social interactions as individuals grow.
Resistant attachment style involves clinginess and resistance to the parent.
Reversibility is the understanding that changing something can be reversed.
Schema is a cognitive framework used for organizing and interpreting information (plural: schemata).
Secondary sexual characteristics relate to physical changes during puberty, but not directly related to reproduction.
Secure attachment is characterized by a child using a parent as a secure base for exploration.
Secure base is a concept in attachment theory where parental presence provides security for exploration.
Sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years) is the first stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development. It focuses on learning through senses and motor skills.
Socioemotional selectivity theory suggests social relationships become more selective with age.
Spermarche marks a boy's first ejaculation.
Stage of moral reasoning describes a process where humans proceed through different stages
Temperament refers to innate traits that affect how one thinks, acts, and reacts within the environment.
Teratogen is a factor that can cause developmental harm during fetal development, like biological, chemical or physical factors.
Uninvolved parenting is characterized by indifference and lack of responsiveness.
Zygote is the initial stage of a developing organism after fertilization.

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Description

Test your understanding of key psychology concepts such as accommodation, assimilation, and attachment theories. This quiz covers important developmental stages and parenting styles that shape individual behaviors and relationships. Enhance your knowledge in psychology with this engaging quiz.