Psychology Chapter on Hypnosis and Hysteria
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Psychology Chapter on Hypnosis and Hysteria

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Questions and Answers

What technique did Freud learn from Jean-Martin Charcot for treating hysteria?

  • Aversion therapy
  • Hypnosis (correct)
  • Psychoanalysis
  • Free association

    • What was Freud's relationship with Josef Breuer?

  • Professional competitors
  • Mentor-student
  • Family members
  • Friends and colleagues (correct)

    • What did Freud gradually discover as a therapeutic technique to replace hypnosis?

  • Cognitive restructuring
  • Behavioral conditioning
  • Talk therapy (correct)
  • Pharmacological intervention

    • Who was Anna O, and why was she significant to Freud's work?

    <p>A patient treated by Breuer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Freud initially expect to gain from the knowledge he acquired in Paris?

    <p>Respect and recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physician did Freud collaborate with after his professional disagreement with Breuer?

    <p>Wilhelm Fliess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influenced Freud's decision to analyze his own dreams?

    <p>Death of his father</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What core concept did Breuer teach Freud regarding the treatment of hysteria?

    <p>Catharsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Freud eventually come to associate libido with?

    <p>Psychic and pleasurable feelings associated with life instincts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following areas is NOT considered an erogenous zone?

    <p>Brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Primary narcissism typically occurs at which stage of life?

    <p>Infancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the essence of sadism in the context of sexual pleasure?

    <p>Deriving pleasure from inflicting pain on another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is secondary narcissism characterized?

    <p>Intense self-interest and concern for appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily triggers neurotic anxiety?

    <p>Unconscious destruction feelings towards authority figures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Masochism is primarily defined as the need to experience pleasure from which of the following?

    <p>Suffering pain and humiliation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the aggressive drive aim to achieve in an organism?

    <p>Restore the organism to its inorganic state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle does the superego represent in Freud's theory?

    <p>Moral principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two subsystems of the superego?

    <p>Conscience and ego ideal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motivates people according to Freud's psychoanalytic theory?

    <p>Seeking pleasure and reducing anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which of the following drives is associated with the sexual motivation?

    <p>Eros</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of anxiety arises from the conflict between the ego and the superego?

    <p>Moral anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of the ego?

    <p>To act as a mediator between the id and the superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a well-developed superego aim to control?

    <p>Sexual and aggressive impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of drives in Freud's theory of personality?

    <p>They provide a constant motivational force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the id according to the psychological model?

    <p>To satisfy basic desires without regard for reality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the ego?

    <p>It regulates interactions with the external world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the superego?

    <p>It represents moral and ethical standards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does content from the preconscious become conscious?

    <p>By recalling memories from the unconscious.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the conscious level of the mind?

    <p>It is the only level directly accessible to awareness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the phylogenetic endowment?

    <p>It consists of unconscious material from ancestral experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the relationship between the three provinces of the mind?

    <p>The id seeks immediate satisfaction, while the superego aims for moral perfection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not a characteristic of the preconscious mind?

    <p>It consists of elements currently in awareness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the root cause of moral anxiety?

    <p>The conflict between the ego and the superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Realistic anxiety is primarily associated with which of the following?

    <p>An unpleasant feeling related to possible dangers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior might result from an extreme use of defense mechanisms?

    <p>Compulsive and neurotic behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of repression?

    <p>A child forgetting past abuse and struggling with relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does denial primarily involve?

    <p>Denying the existence of a traumatic event</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reaction formation is characterized by what behavior?

    <p>Adopting an exaggerated form of an emotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an outcome of unconscious impulses after repression?

    <p>They express themselves in displaced or disguised forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The feeling of realistic anxiety might be experienced in which situation?

    <p>Driving in heavy, fast-moving traffic in an unfamiliar city</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Relationship with Family

    • Freud had a warm relationship with his mother, which influenced his personality and emotional development.

    Education and Influence

    • In 1885, received a grant from the University of Vienna to study in Paris with neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot.
    • Spent four months learning hypnotic techniques for treating hysteria through hypnosis.

    Professional Journey

    • Returned to Vienna in 1886 after studying male hysteria with Charcot, hoping for professional recognition, but faced indifference from peers.
    • Developed a close professional and personal friendship with Josef Breuer, who taught him about catharsis.

    Development of Psychoanalysis

    • Introduced the free association technique to replace hypnosis, allowing patients to express thoughts to alleviate hysterical symptoms.
    • Collaborated with Breuer on the case of Anna O, a notable hysteria case, leading to early accounts of psychoanalysis.

    Personal Crises and Self-Analysis

    • Began analyzing his own dreams and personal crises, notably after his father's death.

    Concepts of the Mind

    • Identified three levels of mental life:
      • Conscious: Immediate awareness of thoughts.
      • Preconscious: Contains thoughts that can become conscious with some effort.
      • Unconscious: Houses repressed thoughts and memories.

    Provinces of the Mind

    • Described the Id, Ego, and Superego:
      • Id: Operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate satisfaction without regard for reality.
      • Ego: Functions on the reality principle, mediating between the id's desires and reality.
      • Superego: Represents moral values and ideals; divided into the conscience and ego ideal.

    Dynamics of Personality

    • Believed human behavior is driven by the desire to seek pleasure and reduce anxiety.
    • Drives stem from the id and are controlled by the ego, primarily focusing on sex (Eros) and aggression (Thanatos).

    Types of Anxiety

    • Neurotic Anxiety: Fear of unknown dangers stemming from id impulses.
    • Moral Anxiety: Conflict between ego and superego regarding moral behavior.
    • Realistic Anxiety: Related to external world fears and threats.

    Defense Mechanisms

    • Defense mechanisms are psychological strategies to cope with anxiety and stress, which can lead to neurotic behavior when overused.
    • Examples include:
      • Repression: Unwanted thoughts are pushed into the unconscious.
      • Denial: Refusal to accept reality or facts.
      • Reaction Formation: Displaying opposite emotions to conceal true feelings.

    Sexual Drive and Manifestations

    • Freud later expanded the definition of libido beyond sexual instincts to include all pleasurable activities.
    • Identified various manifestations of the sexual drive (Eros), such as narcissism, love, sadism, and masochism, with specific characteristics for each.

    Aggression

    • Viewed aggression as a destructive drive aiming to return to a state of non-existence (death).

    Conclusion

    • Freud's theories laid the groundwork for understanding human behavior through the lens of unconscious motivations, the dynamics between different parts of the psyche, and the development of coping mechanisms.

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    Description

    Explore the intriguing relationship between Freud and his influential mentor Jean-Martin Charcot. This quiz delves into the early days of Freud's studies and the introduction of hypnosis as a treatment for hysteria. Test your knowledge on key figures and concepts in psychology.

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