Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the term for prejudice against a particular race?
What is the term for prejudice against a particular race?
What is the term for unequal treatment based on group membership?
What is the term for unequal treatment based on group membership?
What is the cognitive component of prejudice, involving negative and oversimplified beliefs about a group?
What is the cognitive component of prejudice, involving negative and oversimplified beliefs about a group?
What is the term for simultaneously holding egalitarian values and negative feelings towards people of other races?
What is the term for simultaneously holding egalitarian values and negative feelings towards people of other races?
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What is the affective component of prejudice, involving negative feelings towards a group?
What is the affective component of prejudice, involving negative feelings towards a group?
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What is the term for the behavioral component of prejudice, involving unequal treatment?
What is the term for the behavioral component of prejudice, involving unequal treatment?
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What is the purpose of prejudice, according to the content?
What is the purpose of prejudice, according to the content?
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What is the term for human zoos where Africans and conquered indigenous peoples were kept in pens and cages?
What is the term for human zoos where Africans and conquered indigenous peoples were kept in pens and cages?
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What is scapegoat theory in the context of prejudice and stereotyping?
What is scapegoat theory in the context of prejudice and stereotyping?
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What is an example of a positive stereotype?
What is an example of a positive stereotype?
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What is the underlying message when someone labels others as lazy, unmotivated, and dirty?
What is the underlying message when someone labels others as lazy, unmotivated, and dirty?
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What is social categorization based on?
What is social categorization based on?
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What is the term for the fear that one might confirm stereotypes that others hold?
What is the term for the fear that one might confirm stereotypes that others hold?
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What is the term for the tendency to perceive outgroup members as more similar to each other than ingroup members?
What is the term for the tendency to perceive outgroup members as more similar to each other than ingroup members?
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What is the term for the process of taking credit for success but refusing blame for problems and failures?
What is the term for the process of taking credit for success but refusing blame for problems and failures?
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What is the term for the process of focusing more on evidence that supports one’s expectations than on evidence that contradicts them?
What is the term for the process of focusing more on evidence that supports one’s expectations than on evidence that contradicts them?
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What is prejudice based on, according to the text?
What is prejudice based on, according to the text?
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What is the term for a prediction that ensures, by the behavior it generates, that it will come true?
What is the term for a prediction that ensures, by the behavior it generates, that it will come true?
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Which of the following groups has faced increased prejudice and discrimination since 2001?
Which of the following groups has faced increased prejudice and discrimination since 2001?
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What is the term for the excessive fear of homosexuals or homosexual behavior?
What is the term for the excessive fear of homosexuals or homosexual behavior?
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What is the term for a cooperative learning technique for reducing feelings of prejudice by having students interact and cooperate to learn material?
What is the term for a cooperative learning technique for reducing feelings of prejudice by having students interact and cooperate to learn material?
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What is the term for being obvious or standing out?
What is the term for being obvious or standing out?
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What is a common consequence of being overweight?
What is a common consequence of being overweight?
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What is the term for the cognitive beliefs that associate groups with traits?
What is the term for the cognitive beliefs that associate groups with traits?
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Study Notes
Prejudice, Discrimination, and Stereotypes
- Prejudice: negative feeling toward an individual due to their group membership
- Discrimination: unequal treatment based on group membership
- Stereotype: cognitive beliefs that associate groups with traits
The ABC of Prejudice, Discrimination, and Stereotypes
- Affective component: prejudice
- Behavioral component: discrimination
- Cognitive component: stereotyping
Types of Prejudice and Stereotypes
- Racism: prejudice against a particular race
- Aversive racism: simultaneously holding egalitarian values and negative feelings toward people of other races
- Subtypes: categories for people who don’t fit a general stereotype
Categorization and Social Cognition
- Social categorization: sorting people into groups on the basis of common characteristics
- Outgroup members: people who belong to a different group or category than we do
- Ingroup members: people who belong to the same group or category as we do
- Outgroup homogeneity bias: outgroup members are more similar to one another than ingroup members
Prejudices and Subjective Perception
- Prejudice is an affective based perception on differences among groups of people
- Includes racial prejudice (racism) and gender prejudice (sexism)
- Prejudice and discrimination against Arabs and Muslims has dramatically increased since September 11, 2001
Common Prejudices and Targets
- Atheists: disliked around the world in communities in which the majority of individuals are religious
- People who are overweight: research confirms there is a bias against admitting overweight students to college
- Homosexuals: homophobia is excessive fear of homosexuals or homosexual behavior
What Causes Prejudice?
- Innate versus cultural causes of prejudice and stereotyping
- Are stereotypes always wrong, mostly wrong, or mostly right?
Inner Processes
- Inner processes (e.g., emotions) contribute to prejudice and stereotyping
- Salience: being obvious or standing out
- Scapegoat theory: blaming misfortunes on outgroups contributes to negative attitudes
- Self-serving bias: taking credit for success but refusing blame for problems and failures
- Confirmation bias: focusing more on evidence that supports one’s expectations than on evidence that contradicts them
Overcoming Stereotypes, Reducing Prejudice
- Conscious override: automatic system may sustain prejudices; conscious system can strive to overcome
- Mental processes of nonprejudiced people: difference lies in conscious system
- Discrimination in reverse: when people are accused of prejudice, they often exert themselves to prove the opposite
- Motives for overcoming prejudice: dedication to equality and social disapproval
- Contact: covert expressions of prejudice can be reduced by intergroup contact
- Superordinate goals: cooperating to achieve common goals is one powerful antidote to intergroup conflict
Impact of Prejudice on Targets
- No culture seems immune to stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination
- Self-fulfilling prophecy: prediction that ensures, by the behavior it generates, that it will come true
- Stigma and self-protection: social comparison, self-worth, and attribution theory
- Competitive victimhood: people may claim victim status because of moral, legal, or financial advantages
- Stereotype threat: fear that one might confirm stereotypes that others hold
- Self-defeating prophecy: prediction that ensures, by the behavior it generates, that it will not come true
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Description
This quiz assesses understanding of prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping, including their differences, impacts, and causes. It also covers research on stereotypes, inner processes, and overcoming stereotypes.
