Psychology

Which of the following best describes psychology?

The study of social interactions

The study of biological processes

The study of physical health

The study of the mind, brain, and behavior (correct)

What is the primary focus of psychological research?

Developing new medications

Exploring outer space

Solving mathematical problems

Understanding the causes of behavior (correct)

Which of the following is a difficulty in predicting human behavior?

Psychological differences are always independent of each other (correct)

Behavior is determined by a single factor

Cultural differences do not influence behavior

Individual differences have no impact on behavior

What is the difference between the emic and etic approaches in cross-cultural psychology?

Emic approach studies behavior through lifelong members of a culture, while etic approach studies behavior from an outsider perspective Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why predicting human behavior is difficult?

There are too many factors that influence behavior Signup and view all the answers

What are the three levels of analysis discussed in the text?

Social Cultural Influences, Psychological, Biological Signup and view all the answers

What does the social/behavioural level of analysis involve?

Relating to others and personal relationships Signup and view all the answers

What does the psychological level of analysis involve?

Thoughts, feelings, and emotions Signup and view all the answers

What does the biological level of analysis involve?

Molecules and brain structure Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scientific terms with their correct definitions:

Scientific Theory = Explanation for large number of findings in the natural world Hypothesis = Testable prediction Confirmation Bias = Tendency to seek evidence that supports beliefs - denies contradicting evidence Belief Perseverance = Tendency to stick to initial beliefs despite contradicting evidence - Reluctance to give up cherished notions (don’t want to think we’re wrong) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

Metaphysical Claims = Untestable assertions about the world (ex. God, soul, afterlife) Pseudoscience = Set of claims seen as scientific but isn’t (lacks safeguards against confirmation bias and belief perseverance that characterize science) Belief Perseverance = Tendency to stick to initial beliefs despite contradicting evidence - Reluctance to give up cherished notions (don’t want to think we’re wrong) Confirmation Bias = Tendency to seek evidence that supports beliefs - denies contradicting evidence Signup and view all the answers

Match the following psychological terms with their definitions:

AD Hoc Immunizing Hypothesis = Loophole defenders use to protect theory from disproval Patternicity = Tendency to see patterns in meaningless data Terror Management Theory = Awareness of inevitable death leaves us with underlying sense of terror - cope by adopting cultural worldviews that reassure us of greater meaning Free-Will Determinism Debate = The debate of whether people choose their behaviours or act in certain ways by uncontrollable factors Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

Bandura's Reciprocal Determinism = Mutual Influence - ex. Extraverted behaviours of others exacerbate own extroverted behaviours Scientific Skepticism = Evaluating claims with open-mind but insists on persuasive evidence before acceptance Critical Thinking = Set of skills for evaluating claim in open-minded & careful fashion AD Hoc Immunizing Hypothesis = Loophole defenders use to protect theory from disproval Signup and view all the answers

Match the psychological theories with their definitions:

Terror Management Theory = Awareness of inevitable death leaves us with underlying sense of terror - cope by adopting cultural worldviews that reassure us of greater meaning Bandura's Reciprocal Determinism = Mutual Influence - ex. Extraverted behaviours of others exacerbate own extroverted behaviours Patternicity = Tendency to see patterns in meaningless data Free-Will Determinism Debate = The debate of whether people choose their behaviours or act in certain ways by uncontrollable factors Signup and view all the answers