Lecture 5 Part 1
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Questions and Answers

What are the two types of conditioning discussed in the text related to Behaviorism?

  • Emotional and Cognitive Conditioning
  • Stimulus and Response Conditioning
  • Respondent and Reflexive Conditioning
  • Classic and Operant Conditioning (correct)
  • Who is credited with the work on Classic Conditioning in the late 19th century?

  • Ivan Pavlov (correct)
  • B.F. Skinner
  • Frans Verstraten
  • John Watson
  • Which researcher from the text is associated with the concept of Conditioned Emotional Response?

  • B.F. Skinner
  • John Watson (correct)
  • Frans Verstraten
  • Ivan Pavlov
  • In the text, who is mentioned for their work in Operant Conditioning?

    <p>B.F. Skinner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement in Psychology is associated with observing stimuli and observable responses?

    <p>Behaviorism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for the research involving 'Little Albert' and creating conditioned emotional responses?

    <p>John Watson</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to John B. Watson, what influences the behavior of a person?

    <p>Environment and past learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did John B. Watson express in his statement about training infants?

    <p>He could mold individuals into any profession regardless of their inherent traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was animal research considered important in the context of Behaviorism?

    <p>To avoid interference by subjective thoughts and complaints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term was removed from the DSM in 1980, based on the text?

    <p>'Hysteria'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the field of psychology, would John B. Watson most likely be classified as a(n):

    <p>Behaviorist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    John B. Watson's statement about training infants implies a belief that:

    <p>Environmental factors play a significant role in shaping individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Law of Effect, which responses are more likely to occur again in a particular situation?

    <p>Responses that produce a satisfying effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is often credited as the only academic psychologist to appear on the cover of TIME magazine?

    <p>Burrhus Frederic Skinner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of learned helplessness, what is the core idea regarding actions?

    <p>Actions are irrelevant in determining outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary issue presented in the scenario involving Barnabus in the spiral ramp?

    <p>Lowering a bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which psychological concept does the scenario with Barnabus best exemplify?

    <p>Operant conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Skinner's operant conditioning, what is emphasized as reinforcement?

    <p>Any consequence that strengthens behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe bringing individual steps together for an action event?

    <p>Chaining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Tolman's rats that were allowed to move around in a maze without reinforcement learn faster?

    <p>As reinforcements were not essential for learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of learning challenge did John Garcia present through his single exposure learning experiments?

    <p>Association of taste with illness after a single exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the findings of John Garcia regarding single exposure learning challenge the behaviorist establishment?

    <p>They contradicted the importance of reinforcement in learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term did Tolman use to describe the phenomenon where rats learned without immediate reinforcement?

    <p>Latent Learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Tolman's findings with rats in the maze challenge traditional behaviorist beliefs?

    <p>By showing that animals can learn without any form of reinforcement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were animals that could associate tastes with illness at an evolutionary advantage?

    <p>Because they could avoid toxic plants and decaying meat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Garcia effect related to?

    <p>Developing a stronger aversion to stimuli causing nausea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event occurred on 11 Sept 1956 at MIT?

    <p>The emergence of cognitive science.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the main influences in the cognitive revolution during 1950-1970?

    <p>Developments in linguistics (Noam Chomsky).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the ability to bridge temporal gaps between food ingestion and delayed illness onset help animals do?

    <p>Avoid poisonous substances more effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a common theme during the cognitive revolution of 1950-1970?

    <p>Development in computer science.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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