Lecture 4
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Questions and Answers

What philosophical concept is René Descartes known for?

  • Empiricism
  • Dualism (correct)
  • Existentialism
  • Materialism

According to Descartes, what can be doubted except for one thing?

  • One's own existence (correct)
  • The laws of nature
  • The physical world
  • The existence of others

What was Descartes' view on trusting the senses?

  • He trusted his senses without question
  • He refused to trust his own senses (correct)
  • He thought senses were sometimes reliable
  • He believed in complete sensory perception

What did Descartes suppose about the truthfulness of the objects in his mind?

<p>They had no more truth than dream illusions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What led Descartes to reject the reasonings he had previously accepted?

<p>Realizing his proneness to error (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which work did Descartes introduce his famous phrase 'Cogito ergo Sum'?

<p>'Discourse on the Method' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the belief that there is only the body and all reality is of a physical nature?

<p>Materialism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are credited with the discovery of the doctrine of the three-cell theory regarding the brain's ventricles?

<p>Gall/Spurzheim (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept asserts that the 'mind' can be explained and reduced to biology and biochemical activity?

<p>Materialism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is associated with being the first to establish a psychology lab focused on introspection in 1879?

<p>Wundt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ancient manuscript, attributed to Imhotep, is associated with an early understanding of brain anatomy?

<p>Edwin Smith Papyrus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory argues that there is only either a 'mind' or 'body' as opposed to both existing simultaneously?

<p>'Body' Monism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What philosophical principle does Descartes consider as the first principle of his philosophy?

<p>I think, therefore I am (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is described as a Modern Day nativist similar to Emmanuel Kant in the text?

<p>Noam Chomsky (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Lorenz's investigation into imprinting suggest about attachment?

<p>It is genetically programmed and innate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Descartes, what is necessary for him to be something?

<p>To think (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Descartes find about the truth 'I think, therefore I am' despite Sceptics' doubts?

<p>It was impossible to doubt (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who conducted investigations into language acquisition and the critical period hypothesis?

<p>Noam Chomsky (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Lorenz do to ensure that the goslings imprinted on him?

<p>Imitated a mother duck's quacking sound (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process known as when young birds regard the first moving object they see as their mother?

<p>Imprinting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Lorenz discover about geese following the hatching of the goslings?

<p>Geese follow the first moving object they see. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Lorenz test whether imprinting had occurred in the goslings?

<p>Put all the goslings together under an upturned box and allowed them to mix. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Lorenz, can imprinting be reversed once it has occurred?

<p>No, imprinting cannot be reversed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Lorenz do to make sure he was the first moving object the goslings encountered after hatching?

<p>He imitated a mother duck's quacking sound. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main criticism of the structuralist approach according to William James?

<p>The lack of consideration for the continuous arrival of new thoughts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist is known for stating 'The whole is other than the sum of its parts'?

<p>Kurt Koffka (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did William James emphasize as more important than the structure of consciousness?

<p>Understanding the function and purpose of consciousness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Gestalt psychology, how is 'Gestalt' commonly translated?

<p>Form (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychologist conducted insight studies with chimpanzees in Gestalt psychology?

<p>Wolfgang Köhler (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Perceiving is not just sensations but a creative process of organizing in/by the brain' reflects the emphasis in Gestalt psychology on:

<p>Dynamic processes and brain organization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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