30 Questions
What philosophical concept is René Descartes known for?
Dualism
According to Descartes, what can be doubted except for one thing?
One's own existence
What was Descartes' view on trusting the senses?
He refused to trust his own senses
What did Descartes suppose about the truthfulness of the objects in his mind?
They had no more truth than dream illusions
What led Descartes to reject the reasonings he had previously accepted?
Realizing his proneness to error
In which work did Descartes introduce his famous phrase 'Cogito ergo Sum'?
'Discourse on the Method'
What is the term used to describe the belief that there is only the body and all reality is of a physical nature?
Materialism
Who are credited with the discovery of the doctrine of the three-cell theory regarding the brain's ventricles?
Gall/Spurzheim
Which concept asserts that the 'mind' can be explained and reduced to biology and biochemical activity?
Materialism
Who is associated with being the first to establish a psychology lab focused on introspection in 1879?
Wundt
What ancient manuscript, attributed to Imhotep, is associated with an early understanding of brain anatomy?
Edwin Smith Papyrus
Which theory argues that there is only either a 'mind' or 'body' as opposed to both existing simultaneously?
'Body' Monism
What philosophical principle does Descartes consider as the first principle of his philosophy?
I think, therefore I am
Who is described as a Modern Day nativist similar to Emmanuel Kant in the text?
Noam Chomsky
What did Lorenz's investigation into imprinting suggest about attachment?
It is genetically programmed and innate
According to Descartes, what is necessary for him to be something?
To think
What did Descartes find about the truth 'I think, therefore I am' despite Sceptics' doubts?
It was impossible to doubt
Who conducted investigations into language acquisition and the critical period hypothesis?
Noam Chomsky
What did Lorenz do to ensure that the goslings imprinted on him?
Imitated a mother duck's quacking sound
What is the process known as when young birds regard the first moving object they see as their mother?
Imprinting
What did Lorenz discover about geese following the hatching of the goslings?
Geese follow the first moving object they see.
How did Lorenz test whether imprinting had occurred in the goslings?
Put all the goslings together under an upturned box and allowed them to mix.
According to Lorenz, can imprinting be reversed once it has occurred?
No, imprinting cannot be reversed.
What did Lorenz do to make sure he was the first moving object the goslings encountered after hatching?
He imitated a mother duck's quacking sound.
What was the main criticism of the structuralist approach according to William James?
The lack of consideration for the continuous arrival of new thoughts.
Which psychologist is known for stating 'The whole is other than the sum of its parts'?
Kurt Koffka
What did William James emphasize as more important than the structure of consciousness?
Understanding the function and purpose of consciousness
In Gestalt psychology, how is 'Gestalt' commonly translated?
Form
Which psychologist conducted insight studies with chimpanzees in Gestalt psychology?
Wolfgang Köhler
'Perceiving is not just sensations but a creative process of organizing in/by the brain' reflects the emphasis in Gestalt psychology on:
Dynamic processes and brain organization
Test your knowledge on the historical and philosophical foundations of psychology, covering key figures like Popper, Kuhn, Wundt, Gall, and Broca. Explore topics such as the first psychology lab, phrenology, brain ventricles, and the discovery of fMRI scanning.
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