Pre-Spanish Era Farming and Culture Quiz

The first settlers in the Philippines, believed to have arrived 12,000 to 15,000 years ago. They are known for their dark skin, short stature, and curly hair.

A group of people who arrived in the Philippines around 200 BC, known for their advanced civilization, government, writing, arts, and sciences.

A period of time before the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. This period was marked by the presence of diverse cultures, including the Aetas, Malays, and Indonesians.

A system of governance practiced by various Filipino groups during the Pre-Spanish period. These groups lived in independent communities ruled by their own chieftains.

A type of boat used by the Malays and other ancient Filipinos, characterized by its water transportation capabilities and its use for trading and fishing.

An activity that was a prominent part of life in the Pre-Spanish period. Different groups practiced agriculture, fishing, mining, and trading to sustain their lives.

A complex system of beliefs and practices followed by Filipinos during the Pre-Spanish period. This system included the worship of ancestors, various deities, and spirits.

A unique way of life that distinguished Filipinos from other cultures during the Pre-Spanish period. This culture involved distinct traditions, customs, and artistic expressions.

A farming technique where farmers clear land for agriculture by cutting down and burning vegetation.

A farming technique involving planting rice in water-logged fields.

A primary livelihood during the pre-Spanish era in the Philippines. Filipinos used bows and arrows to hunt animals for food.

A staple crop cultivated by Filipinos before the Spanish colonization. It was planted and harvested even before the use of plows or carabaos.

Filipinos were skilled in building boats before the Spanish colonization. This skill contributed to their maritime culture and enabled them to navigate and fish in the waters around the Philippines.

The basic unit of government in pre-colonial Philippines, consisting of 30-100 families. The barangay was autonomous, ruled by a Datu, Rajah, or Lakan. The name comes from "Balangay", a Malay word for sailboat.

Pre-colonial Philippine society was organized based on kinship and family ties. Communities were primarily located near coastlines and rivers, utilizing these resources for fishing and trade.

Pre-colonial Philippines had a system of governance based on leadership, with a Datu serving as the head of the barangay. This system was influenced by indigenous traditions and had strong ties to family structures.

While marriages of equal status were encouraged, marriages between different classes were not forbidden in pre-colonial Philippines. For example, a Datu could marry a slave.

Divorce was allowed in some regions of pre-colonial Philippines, particularly in cases of domestic violence, barrenness, or impotence.

Both written and unwritten laws existed in pre-colonial Philippines. Unwritten laws were passed down orally, while written laws were crafted by the Datu and his council of elders.

Pre-colonial Filipinos were deeply aware of astronomy and its influence on their lives. They used the stars for navigation, agriculture, and even hunting and fishing.

Spain's arrival in the Philippines in 1390 marked a significant turning point in the nation's history. The integration of Muslim beliefs and practices, which were spreading at the time, was met with resistance, and the subsequent Christianization of the country was a complex and lengthy process.

The cultivation of tobacco, abaca, and sugarcane dominated Philippine exports in the late 19th century.

Nicholas Loney, the British consul in Iloilo, played a crucial role in developing the sugar industry in Negros. He provided credit to local landlords and encouraged migration from Panay to Negros.

Steam-driven sugar refineries were introduced in the Philippines, replacing the traditional method of producing sugar in loaves.

The owners of sugar plantations became a powerful political and economic force in the Philippines by the late 19th century.

The Spanish introduced the concept of private land ownership to the Philippines, giving control over lands previously held by native groups.

Many native Filipinos, who previously had limited understanding of private property, lost their traditional land rights.

The Agrarian Reform recognizes all lands in the Philippines as part of the public domain, regardless of local customs.

The Agrarian Reform aims to redistribute land to those who work it, addressing issues of land inequality and tenant farmer exploitation.

A writing system used in the Philippines before Spanish colonization. It is an abugida, meaning consonants have an inherent vowel sound, and diacritics are used to indicate other vowel sounds.

A type of writing system where consonants have an inherent vowel sound (usually 'a'). Diacritics are used to indicate different vowel sounds.

An ancient artifact discovered in the Philippines, made of thin copper with ten lines of writing. It is considered evidence of the Baybayin script, and it provides insights into pre-colonial Philippine society.

An individual writing system used in the context of various countries in Southeast Asia. These systems are abugidas, where consonants are combined with vowels.

The term 'Alibata' was wrongly used to refer to this writing system. It was coined by Paul Rodriguez Verzosa, who saw a resemblance to the Arabic letters 'alif', 'ba', and 'ta'.

The Baybayin script reflects influences from Hindu-Buddhist culture. This suggests early cultural interactions between the Philippines and India.

The Baybayin characters are thought to have a connection to the Javanese script, suggesting cultural exchange between islands.

Baybayin was used from the 12th to the 15th century AD, providing valuable insights into the language and literacy of ancient Filipinos.

The use of springs in Los Baños, Laguna to heal illnesses. Early Filipinos utilized the natural properties of these springs for therapeutic purposes.

The practice of boiling herbs and plants to induce sweating as a treatment method. This traditional practice was used to alleviate various ailments.

The use of lime-infused bud pastes as a remedy for growth and inflammation. This technique was applied topically to address various ailments.

The practice of amputations and mutilations as the primary methods for surgical treatment. Surgical techniques during this period were limited and focused on limb removal.

The significant number of deaths related to childbirth, highlighting the lack of advanced medical techniques and the risks posed by childbirth.

The absence of well-developed surgical procedures and reluctance among Filipinos towards surgical interventions during the time due to their complexity and high mortality.

The practice of using spring water for bathing, a common hygienic practice among Filipinos - the practice of using spring water was observed by the Spaniards who later built bathhouses inspired by this.

The lack of popularity of surgical operations due to the complexities involved, the high potential for complications, and the risks of death. It was considered a risky and often futile practice.