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Questions and Answers
What was the government called during the pre-Spanish era in the Philippines?
Who headed the Barangay during the pre-Spanish era?
How was the succession of leadership determined in the Barangay during the pre-Spanish era?
What were the two strategies used by the Spaniards to conquer the Philippines?
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Which of the following was NOT a form of resistance against Spanish colonial rule mentioned in the text?
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What were the two factors that contributed to the development of the concept of the Filipino identity?
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Study Notes
Pre-Spanish Era
- The government was called Barangay, headed by the Datu/Raja, considered the king of the barangay.
- Barangay was considered a kingdom or country, with no national government.
- The Datu's eldest son succeeded him, or the strongest in their tribe or barangay if there was no son.
Social Classes
- Nobles: highest social class
- Freemen: second social class
- Slaves: lowest social class
Spanish Colonial Rule/Experience
- Lasted for 333 years
- 2 strategies used by the Spanish to conquer the Philippines:
- Physical Control: forced small communities to form larger ones for control and proselytization (reduction)
- Psychological Control: manipulation
Forms of Resistance
- Nativism: revolt against the Spanish through fighting with one's own faith
- The Growth of Local Clergy: revolt of local Filipino priests for equal rights (GOMBURZA)
Elite Participation in the People's Protest
- Inconsistent pattern of elite participation in protests against Spanish oppression
- Some elites did not support their own country for selfish gains
Development of the Filipino Concept
- Opening of the Philippines to international trade
- Rise of the middle class, leading to the development of the concept of the Filipino
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Pre-Spanish Era in Philippine history, focusing on the government structure and leadership during that time. Learn about the roles of the Datu/Raja and the organization of Barangays as kingdoms or countries.
