Questions and Answers
What is the approximate number of families in a barangay settlement?
more or less 100
What is the title of the chief who rules the barangay?
Datu
Which of the following social classes in the barangay is comprised of freemen?
Timawa
Who is credited with promulgating the Maragtas Code in 1250 A.D.?
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What is the term for the council of elders that serves as the datu's advisor?
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What is characteristic of the laws of the barangay government?
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Study Notes
The Pre-Spanish Government
Unit of Government: Barangay
- A barangay is a settlement or village consisting of approximately 100 families
- The term "barangay" originates from the Malayan word "balangay", meaning "boat"
Confederations
- Multiple barangays joined together for mutual protection
The Datu
- The chief who rules the barangay, serving as the chief executive, lawgiver, chief judge, and military head
- Also known as Rajah, Sultan, or Hadji
- The position of datu is assigned through inheritance, wisdom, wealth, or physical prowess
- The datu is advised by the Maginoos, a council of elders
Social Classes in the Barangay
- Maharlika: the nobility
- Timawa: freemen
- Aliping namamahay: serfs
- Aliping sagigilid: slaves
Early Laws
- Written laws were promulgated by the datus
- Examples of written codes include:
- Maragtas Code (1250 A.D.) by Datu Sumakwel of Panay
- Kalintiaw Code (1433 A.D.) by Datu Kalintiaw of Panay
- Unwritten laws consisted of customs and traditions passed down through generations
Comparison with Other Ancient Governments
- The laws of the barangay were generally fair
- The system of government, although imperfect, was not as bad as those in other lands at the time
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