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What social classes existed in the Philippines before the Spaniards arrived?
What social classes existed in the Philippines before the Spaniards arrived?
- Datus, maharlikas, aliping mamamahay, aliping saguiguilid (correct)
- Nobility, freemen, slaves, moneylenders
- Villagers, barangays, encomienda, share tenants
- Encomienderos, missionaries, indios, landlords
What was the medium of exchange before the Spaniards came to the Philippines?
What was the medium of exchange before the Spaniards came to the Philippines?
- Rice (correct)
- Copper
- Silver
- Gold
What did the encomienda system grant to the Encomienderos?
What did the encomienda system grant to the Encomienderos?
- The right to trade with other countries
- The right to own land
- The right to establish religious missions
- The right to collect tribute from the native indios (correct)
What did the tribute soon become as a result of the encomienda system's abuse of power?
What did the tribute soon become as a result of the encomienda system's abuse of power?
Who were transformed into mere share tenants due to the abuse of power by the encomienderos?
Who were transformed into mere share tenants due to the abuse of power by the encomienderos?
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Study Notes
Pre-Colonial Philippine Society
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The Philippines was divided into distinct social classes before Spanish colonization:
- Datu: The highest social class, consisting of wealthy and powerful leaders.
- Maharlika: The noble class, comprised of warriors and skilled workers
- Timawa: The free commoners
- Alipin: The class of servants or slaves.
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Barter, using goods and services, primarily functioned as the medium of exchange before Spanish colonization
The Encomienda System
- The Encomienda System was established by the Spanish colonial government to manage land and labor.
- Encomienderos, primarily Spanish conquistadors, were granted control of indigenous populations and their lands.
- The Encomienda System conferred upon encomienderos not only the right to collect tribute but also the responsibility to protect and educate the indigenous people they controlled.
- Abuse of power by encomienderos led to the tribute becoming a form of forced labor.
- The abuse of the encomienda system resulted in the Maharlikas, the Filipino noble class, being forced into the position of share tenants.
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