Political Science Research Methods Quiz

<p>A small number of cases are examined (small-N, medium-N). (A), The focus is on gaining a deep, holistic understanding of the subject. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longitudinal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A study that includes multiple sub-units of analysis within a single case. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They offer in-depth and contextualized insights, valuable for understanding complex political issues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outlier (deviant) case (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Qualitative data is too subjective for use in social science research. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identifying causal mechanisms linking independent and dependent variables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evidence that strongly supports a proposed causal relationship (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linear causality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conducting controlled laboratory experiments to isolate variables (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Industrialization → Urbanization → Economic Growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Establishing a correlation between an independent and dependent variable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Selecting cases that share similar values on control variables but differ in the independent variable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring 100% certainty in all research conclusions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deduction moves from theory to empirical testing, while induction moves from observations to theory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making abstract concepts measurable and quantifiable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They focus on gathering information from decision-makers and influential figures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semi-structured interviews allow for flexibility and follow-up questions, while structured interviews stick to a predetermined set of questions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To study the dynamics of group interaction and how meaning is collectively constructed. (A), To reduce costs and time by interviewing multiple participants simultaneously. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obtaining informed consent from participants before the interview begins. (A), Avoiding leading or biased questions that could influence participant responses. (C), Offering anonymity and confidentiality to protect participants' identities when necessary. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To identify and categorize meaningful patterns and themes within the qualitative data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It does not account for multiple factors that might influence the outcome. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To consider alternative explanations for the observed relationships (B), To define key variables that will be studied (C), To establish expected relationships between the variables being studied (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binary, where the variable has only two possible values, like &quot;yes&quot; or &quot;no&quot; or &quot;1&quot; or &quot;0&quot;. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It represents the proportion of variation in the dependent variable explained by the independent variables in the model. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regression analysis cannot assess the potential impact of omitted variables that were not included in the model. (A), It shows correlation between variables but doesn't prove causation. Just because two variables are related doesn't mean one causes the other. (C), Regression cannot completely account for all factors influencing the dependent variable. There might be other variables that are not included in the analysis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This type of regression is specifically designed for analyzing count data, often dealing with frequencies or occurrences of events. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multiple regression allows for the inclusion of more than one independent variable, providing a more comprehensive understanding of how different factors influence the dependent variable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Questions that have already been thoroughly researched and answered, providing minimal new insights. (A), Research questions that are too vague or lack specificity, making it difficult to focus the research and measure results. (C), Questions that are overly broad and attempt to cover too much ground, leading to unfocused research. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To classify and analyze patterns in textual data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Developing themes from textual data as they emerge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It ensures that different coders produce consistent results (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A most-likely case is expected to confirm a theory, while a least-likely case is expected to challenge it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow researchers to compare structured and focused questions across cases (A), They can reveal causal mechanisms through structured comparisons (B), They help test theoretical frameworks in different contexts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A statement from a key actor explaining their decision-making process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It considers the causal mechanisms behind observed associations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CPT examines causal mechanisms and sequences of events, while co-variational analysis focuses on identifying correlations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Examining the relationship between variables across different cases at a specific point in time. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overreliance on quantitative data at the expense of qualitative insights. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A strong likelihood that the independent variable has a real effect on the dependent variable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The model does not effectively explain a significant portion of the variation in the dependent variable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When independent variables are strongly correlated with each other. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring a high level of generalizability and representativeness of findings across the broader population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semi-structured interviews allow for greater flexibility in questioning and probing, while structured interviews adhere to a rigid set of questions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To generate quantitative data that can be statistically analyzed and compared between different groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring that participants are compensated financially for their time and contribution to the research project (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Choosing a specific research methodology and design that aligns with the research questions and objectives, minimizing bias and errors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Process Tracing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is likely to reveal unexpected patterns that challenge existing theories. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To identify and analyze patterns within textual data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analyzing a large dataset of documents with multiple coders involved. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are subjective statements made by individuals about their own experiences. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Co-variational analysis focuses on statistical relationships between variables, while causal process tracing aims to identify causal mechanisms and chains of events. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They completely eliminate the potential for bias in research findings. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identifying themes and patterns from textual data as they emerge without pre-defined categories. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CPT focuses on examining causal mechanisms within cases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It evaluates multiple cases at one specific time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The model explains very little variation in the dependent variable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potentially overlooking various causal factors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Independent variables exhibiting high correlation with each other. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring consistency and objectivity across different coders. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linear regression examines continuous dependent variables, while logistic regression is used for categorical outcomes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow for in-depth analysis of complex phenomena. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outlier (deviant) case (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identifying causal mechanisms linking independent and dependent variables. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longitudinal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A strong indicator of a causal relationship. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A study that includes multiple sub-units of analysis within a single case (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Case studies allow researchers to generate new hypotheses. (C), Case studies provide a detailed understanding of complex phenomena. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deterministic causality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identifying sequences of events, verifying causal links, and establishing necessary conditions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Establishing correlation between independent and dependent variables. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cases are similar in all respects except for one independent variable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the study is rigorous and meets scientific standards. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>What are the long-term consequences of political instability on a nation's economy? (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When collecting standardized data across a large sample size. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When studying the personal voting behavior of citizens. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semi-structured interviews enable deeper insights while maintaining some consistency across interviews. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deductive coding uses pre-defined categories while inductive coding analyzes data to identify emerging themes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unitizing, Sampling, Coding, Reducing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inductive coding can lead to subjective interpretations and a lack of consistency across researchers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring consistency and objectivity across different coders. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linear regression examines continuous dependent variables, while logistic regression is used for categorical outcomes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They help test hypotheses and predict outcomes. (A), They strengthen causal arguments by showing statistical significance. (C), They allow researchers to isolate the effect of specific independent variables. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focus on in-depth, holistic understanding (C), Small number of cases (small-N, medium-N) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CPT is often used to test specific hypotheses, while co-variational analysis is often used to generate broader theoretical insights. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Comparing multiple cases at a single point in time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overlooking multiple causal factors. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The model does not adequately explain the variation in the dependent variable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of a high correlation between two or more independent variables. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To identify causal mechanisms linking independent and dependent variables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evidence that strongly supports a causal relationship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To establish correlation between an independent and dependent variable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cases are similar in control variables but vary in the independent variable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outlier (deviant) case (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multicausality (B), Causal heterogeneity (C), Equifinality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides a structured approach to research, enhancing clarity and replicability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deduction starts with observations and moves towards theory while induction starts with theory and moves towards empirical testing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Semi-structured interviews allow for flexibility in questioning and follow-up probes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of defining abstract concepts in measurable terms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Establishing the researcher's personal beliefs and biases about the topic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps establish validity, reliability, and generalizability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When understanding societal reactions to policy changes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may lack depth and flexibility. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide a balance between structure and flexibility. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Generating new codes based on themes that emerge during analysis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inferencing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow for probing deeper into initial responses. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They facilitate a more flexible and comprehensive exploration of topics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Developing themes from textual data as they emerge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It ensures that different coders produce consistent results (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A most-likely case is expected to confirm a theory, while a least-likely case is expected to challenge it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They eliminate all potential biases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A statement from a key actor explaining their decision-making process (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It relies heavily on statistical software for analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It focuses on identifying causal mechanisms through a step-by-step analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can be used to identify the precise timing of causal events (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They help test theoretical frameworks in different contexts. (A), They allow researchers to compare structured and focused questions across cases. (B), They can reveal causal mechanisms through structured comparisons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Co-variational analysis examines across cases, while CPT examines within-case causal mechanisms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A cross-sectional comparison examines multiple cases at a single point in time, while longitudinal analysis tracks changes within a single case over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To classify and analyze patterns in textual data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It implies that the independent variable has a strong and noticeable impact on the dependent variable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They eliminate all potential biases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The model does not effectively explain much of the variation in the dependent variable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When independent variables are highly correlated with each other. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outlier (deviant) case (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uncovering the causal mechanisms that link independent and dependent variables (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Information that confirms a causal link between variables (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The causal pathways differ across cases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Causal process tracing emphasizes in-depth analysis of mechanisms while co-variational analysis seeks to establish statistical correlations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Determining statistical correlations between independent and dependent variables (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cases are similar on key control variables but differ on the independent variable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It establishes validity, reliability, and generalizability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are inflexible and do not adapt to participants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They offer fresh perspectives on everyday political experiences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide flexibility for deeper exploration of topics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Narrating (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creating new categories from data themes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They restrict the flow of conversation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They focus on specific outcomes related to Y. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It cannot fully explain all variability in the dependent variable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binary (Yes/No, 1/0) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The percentage of variance explained by the independent variables (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is specific and focused (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To establish expected relationships among variables (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross-sectional comparison (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Log-linear regression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It guarantees causal relationships (B), It is applicable only in the field of economics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making concepts measurable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They aim to gather insights from decision-makers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They offer flexibility for follow-up questions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Offering compensation for participation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow exploration of collective interactions and meanings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deduction begins with a hypothesis leading to testing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eliminating unnecessary data from the analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To achieve an unbiased understanding of participants' views. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is subjective and lacks structure, affecting consistency across coders.

A statistical method for modeling the relationship between variables, used for continuous dependent variables.

A statistical method used for modeling binary outcomes, predicting probabilities of categories.

Regression analysis helps test hypotheses, predict outcomes, and show statistical significance.

In-depth, holistic understanding of a small number of cases, focusing on detailed analysis.

A research design that involves studying the same case over an extended period of time.

A study that includes multiple sub-units of analysis within a single case to provide deeper insights.

Case studies provide detailed context and nuanced understanding that broad quantitative studies may miss.

Allows for detailed examination of complex phenomena.

Identifies causal mechanisms linking independent and dependent variables.

Evidence that strongly supports a causal relationship.

Multiple causes contribute to an effect.

A sequence demonstrating causal relationships, like industrialization leading to urbanization.

Establish correlation between an independent and dependent variable.

Cases are similar in control variables but vary in the independent variable.

Includes multicausality, equifinality, and causal heterogeneity.

Factors manipulated to observe their effect in research.

The process of making concepts measurable for research.

Deduction goes from theory to testing; induction goes from observations to theory.

Interviews that gather information from decision-makers and experts.

Interviews allowing flexibility with follow-up questions.

A method to study interactions among multiple participants at once.

Ethical requirement to obtain participant agreement before research.

Includes obtaining consent, ensuring confidentiality, and avoiding bias.

CPT examines causal mechanisms within cases; co-variational analysis compares cases across different contexts.

A method in co-variational analysis that involves comparing multiple cases at a single point in time.

A major risk is overlooking multiple causal factors that may influence the results.

Indicates strong evidence that the independent variable affects the dependent variable.

Occurs when independent variables in a regression model are highly correlated with each other.

Indicates the percentage of variance explained by independent variables in a regression model.

Regression cannot fully explain variability, shows correlation not causation, and struggles with omitted variables.

A regression analysis suited for count data and categorical relationships.

Questions that lack specificity, are too broad, or have been answered already.

Theory helps define variables and expected relationships in research.

Disregards multicausality, limiting its explanatory power.

Developing themes from textual data as they emerge during analysis.

It ensures that different coders produce consistent results in content analysis.

A case expected to confirm a theory in research.

A case expected to challenge a theory in research.

They allow researchers to compare structured questions across cases and contexts.

They are revealed through structured comparisons in comparative case studies.

A statement from a key actor explaining their decision-making process.

It analyzes causal mechanisms rather than merely correlations in research.

It ensures scientific rigor and establishes validity, reliability, and generalizability in studies.

A research question focusing on a specific 'Y' impact, such as voter turnout or behavior.

They may lack depth and flexibility due to their rigid format.

Layperson interviews are beneficial when studying personal voting behavior of citizens.

They provide balance between structure and flexibility, allowing deeper insights.

Include unitizing, sampling, coding, and reducing for systematic analysis.

Core aspects of research design ensuring the findings are applicable and sound across contexts.

A case that contradicts dominant theoretical assumptions in research.

Identifies causal mechanisms linking independent and dependent variables.

A sequence demonstrating causal relationships, like industrialization leading to urbanization.

Establishes correlation between an independent and dependent variable.

Qualitative data coding is inherently subjective and lacks clear structure.

Logistic regression is used for binary outcomes, predicting category probabilities.

Regression helps test hypotheses, predict outcomes, and isolate independent variable effects.

Case studies involve small numbers of cases for in-depth understanding.

A longitudinal case study involves examining the same case over time.

An embedded case study includes multiple sub-units of analysis in a single case.

Case studies provide detailed insights and contextual understanding not found in broad studies.

Causal chains demonstrate the sequence of events leading to an effect.

The process of recognizing relevant independent factors in research.

The ability to separate relevant from irrelevant data in research.

A structured approach that aids systematic gathering of knowledge.

The process of making abstract concepts measurable for evaluation.

They gather insights from key decision-makers in a field.

Most-likely cases confirm theory; least-likely cases challenge it.

Choosing a case that contradicts dominant assumptions is an outlier case.

Identifying causal mechanisms connecting independent and dependent variables.

Includes multicausality, equifinality, and causal heterogeneity in research analysis.

A sequence showing how industrialization leads to urbanization and then economic growth.

Qualitative interviews gather insights and perspectives that structured methods may miss, enriching the research data.

Logistic regression is primarily used for modeling binary outcomes, predicting probabilities.

Linear regression examines continuous dependent variables and their relationships.

Regression analyses can test hypotheses and help predict relationships between variables.

An embedded case study includes multiple sub-units of analysis within a single case.

Case studies focus on small sample sizes for in-depth and holistic understanding.

It defines key variables, establishes expected relationships, and considers alternative explanations.

Uses a binary dependent variable (Yes/No, 1/0).

Indicates the percentage of variance explained by independent variables.

Best for analyzing count data and categorical relationships.

Multiple regression accounts for multiple independent variables affecting the dependent variable.

Relevant data or factors that affect research outcomes.

The process that moves from theory to empirical testing.

The process that moves from observations to theory formation.

A case that contradicts dominant theoretical assumptions in research.