Pharma W7 Part 2: Pituitary Gland

Study Notes

The pituitary gland is known as the "Master Gland" because it controls many other glands and processes.
It produces many essential hormones that regulate bodily functions.
Examples of hormones produced by the pituitary gland include:
- Growth Hormone (GH)
- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
- Endorphins
- Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
- Oxytocin

The pituitary gland has two parts:
- Anterior Pituitary: Makes and releases hormones like GH and TSH.
- Posterior Pituitary: Stores and releases ADH and oxytocin (made in the hypothalamus).
Both parts of the pituitary gland work closely with the hypothalamus.

Octreotide is a synthetic version of a naturally occurring hormone called somatostatin (also known as growth hormone release inhibiting hormone).
It inhibits the release of Growth Hormone (GH).
Used to treat acromegaly (condition caused by excess GH from the anterior pituitary).
Treats severe watery diarrhea caused by carcinoid syndrome (associated with certain types of tumors).
Adverse effects:
- Fatigue, malaise, headache
- Hyper or hypoglycemia
- Cardiac conduction abnormalities

ADH is produced in the hypothalamus and acts as a potent vasoconstrictor.
ADH is released when the body is dehydrated.
MOA of ADH Drugs:
- Synthetic versions of ADH mimic the hormone's effects, increasing water resorption in the kidneys, which reduces urine output.
Clinical Uses:
- Treat Hypotensive Emergencies (e.g., septic shock)
- Administered during pulseless cardiac arrest
Adverse Effects:
- Hypertension
- Decreased tissue perfusion

Patient assessment and medication history are crucial.
Monitor blood pressure when administering vasopressin.
Rotate injection sites of octreotide (subcutaneous).
Patients should avoid over-the-counter (OTC) products without checking with a health care provider to avoid interactions.