38 Questions
What is the role of releasing factors produced by the hypothalamus?
To stimulate the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary
What is the primary function of growth hormone (GH)?
To increase mitosis and protein synthesis
Which hormone stimulates uterine contractions?
Oxytocin
What is the role of the posterior pituitary?
To store and release hormones produced by the hypothalamus
What is the role of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
To control hormones to the adrenal cortex
What is the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
To affect kidney tubule permeability to reduce water excretion
Where is the thyroid gland located?
Anterior portion of the neck and inferior to the larynx
What is the function of calcitonin?
Decreases osteoclast activity in bone
Which gland produces melatonin?
Pineal gland
What is the function of the nasal cavity?
Warms, cleanses, and moistens air
What is the function of the pharynx?
Connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and esophagus
What is the Cricothyroid membrane?
Located between the thyroid and cricoid cartilage plates
What is the function of the larynx?
Produces sound by vibrating vocal cords
What is the function of the trachea?
Connects the larynx to the bronchi
What are the paranasal sinuses?
Air spaces in facial bones
What is the function of the bronchi?
Supply the lobes of the lungs
What type of muscle is found in the transition into the alveoli?
Smooth
What is the function of type II cells in the alveoli?
Secretion of surfactant
What is the function of the pleura?
Protection of the lungs
What is the name of the procedure where fluid is removed from the pleural cavity?
Thoracentesis
What is the importance of knowing the extent of the lungs and pleura?
To perform a thoracentesis safely
What happens to the pleura at the midscapular line?
It extends to rib 12
Where does the lung extend to on the anterior portion of the body?
Rib 6
Which of the following is a safe location to insert a needle to get pleural fluid without puncturing the lung?
Midclavicular- Rib 7 intercostal space
What type of muscle is the diaphragm?
Skeletal muscle
What is the function of the external intercostal muscles?
Aid in inspiration
Which cranial nerves send the message from the peripheral chemoreceptors to the brainstem?
Cranial nerve IX and X
What is the function of the uvula?
Lift the soft palate to cover the nasopharynx when swallowing
What is the main function of the kidneys?
To get rid of waste products and toxins in the blood
What is the name of the funnel-shaped structure that collects urine from the nephron?
Minor calyx
What is the name of the hormone that affects the production of red blood cells?
Erythropoietin
What is the name of the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder?
Ureter
What is the name of the structure that surrounds the glomerulus?
Bowman's capsule
What is the name of the layer of the bladder wall that contains rugae to allow for expansion?
Mucosa
What is the name of the gland that produces testosterone in the male reproductive system?
Interstitial cells of Leydig
What is the name of the structure that joins the ductus deferens and seminal vesicles to form the ejaculatory duct?
Ejaculatory duct
What is the name of the structure that draws the ova into the uterine tube during ovulation?
Fimbriae
What is the name of the hormone that influences milk production in the mammary glands?
Prolactin
Learn about the pituitary gland's role in the endocrine system, including the hormones it produces and regulates. Understand the indirect pathway of hormone release and the functions of the neurohypophysis. Test your knowledge of the anterior and posterior pituitary gland.
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