Philippine Health Agenda (PHA) Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is one of the main goals of the Philippine Health Agenda (PHA) 2016-2022?

To limit access to healthcare for vulnerable populations

To increase health insurance premiums for all Filipinos

To disregard socio-economic and gender disparities in health

To ensure the best health outcomes for all without disparities (correct)

How does the PHA intend to deliver healthcare services?

By refusing to consider patient feedback in health service improvement

By promoting health and empowering clients in their interactions with the health system (correct)

By implementing strict regulations on patient interactions

By prioritizing only the affluent in healthcare delivery

Which group is specifically prioritized for protection under the PHA?

Affluent individuals with existing healthcare access

Only individuals residing in urban areas

All families, with a focus on the poor and marginalized (correct)

Only children under the age of 12

Which of the following statements reflects a misunderstanding of the Philippine Health Agenda's purpose?

The PHA encourages disparities to ensure resource allocation. Signup and view all the answers

What constitutional right does the Philippine Health Agenda (PHA) uphold?

The right to health for every Filipino Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Triple Burden of Disease' NOT include?

Challenges arising from personal lifestyle choices Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups is NOT specifically mentioned under 'All Life Stages' services?

Young adults Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of Service Delivery Networks (SDNs)?

Ensuring access to a fully-equipped network of health facilities Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary challenge related to urbanization as described in the content?

Rise in substance use and abuse Signup and view all the answers

Which disease category is NOT part of the 'Triple Burden of Disease'?

Respiratory diseases Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a requirement for health services rendered by the SDNs?

Must comply with clinical practice guidelines Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the health system prioritize to address the 'triple burden of disease'?

Promotion of health and wellness at every life stage Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a key function of health interventions in the described health system?

Providing rehabilitation and palliative care as needed Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary funding source for non-formal sector premiums under the National Health Insurance Program (NHIP)?

Tax subsidies provided by the government Signup and view all the answers

Under the National Health Insurance Program, what is the support value for the poorest individuals admitted in basic accommodation?

100% or zero-copayment Signup and view all the answers

For individuals admitted in non-basic, private accommodation under the NHIP, how is the co-payment structured?

Predictable, fixed co-payment Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of enrolling 100% of Filipinos in the National Health Insurance Program?

To ensure universal access to healthcare Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the structure of premium payments for the National Health Insurance Program’s formal sector?

Premiums are deducted from payroll for formal workers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a family in relation to individual health?

Meeting basic needs and supporting overall well-being Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following needs does a family NOT typically address for its members?

Individual career aspirations Signup and view all the answers

How does the family influence health beyond individual needs?

Through the overall home environment and dynamics Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of family support is critical in maintaining emotional well-being among partners?

Providing socioeconomic stability and affection Signup and view all the answers

In what way does a family function as a client in the context of health care?

By coordinating care and support for multiple members Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for nurses to work with families in health promotion?

The influence of family dynamics on individual health. Signup and view all the answers

Which subsystem is NOT identified as important in family health interactions?

Extended Family subsystem Signup and view all the answers

In what way does a family's social system interaction influence health?

It enables families to promote collective health initiatives. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the family should nurses focus on to provide holistic care?

The interrelations between family members and the larger community. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the implications of viewing the family as a unit in healthcare?

Interaction within the family system impacts overall health outcomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus during the marriage stage of family development?

Aligning the extended families with the new couple's identity Signup and view all the answers

Which adjustment is primarily noted during the stage of families with young children?

Integration of children into the family unit Signup and view all the answers

What major decision-making process is characteristic of the marriage stage in family development?

Determining the configuration of extended family gatherings Signup and view all the answers

What challenge is commonly faced by families with young children?

Managing new roles in parenting and grand parenting Signup and view all the answers

In what way does parenthood affect a couple during the marriage stage?

Requires realignment of relationships with extended family Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes a significant developmental change occurring in families with adolescents?

Establishment of independent identities for children Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is primarily examined during the midlife phase of family dynamics?

Reevaluation of career paths and marital satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What is a key concern during the transition of families as launching centers?

Adjusting relationships to incorporate extended family Signup and view all the answers

Which issue arises prominently as families confront the aging of their members?

Dealing with disabilities and the deaths of older generations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best encapsulates challenges faced by families with adolescents?

Dealing with emotional independence and autonomy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary task of aging families related to the individual members?

Adapting to the aging process while maintaining individual functioning Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial responsibility of the middle generation in aging families?

Helping older generations with health management while maintaining their autonomy Signup and view all the answers

Which family health task is NOT typically associated with aging families?

Breastfeeding younger family members effectively Signup and view all the answers

What key aspect should nurses focus on to enhance health promotion in aging families?

Developing the family's capability to perform health tasks Signup and view all the answers

What emotional challenge do aging families most commonly face?

Preparing for their own death and dealing with loss in practical ways Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Family Coping Index in nursing?

To identify areas requiring family nursing interventions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a key difference between the Family Coping Index and traditional nursing diagnoses?

The Family Coping Index emphasizes strengths over problems. Signup and view all the answers

In how many areas of assessment does the Family Coping Index evaluate family coping patterns?

Nine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically emphasized by the Family Coping Index?

Medical diagnoses Signup and view all the answers

What is a common advantage of using the Family Coping Index in nursing practice?

It helps identify areas for family involvement in care. Signup and view all the answers

Which area of assessment in the Family Coping Index specifically relates to a family's mobility and daily living activities?

Physical dependence Signup and view all the answers

What does therapeutic competence in the Family Coping Index measure?

Ability to comply with at-home treatments Signup and view all the answers

In the Family Coping Index, which of the following is least likely to be included in the knowledge of health education?

Knowledge of financial health management Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is NOT associated with the application of personal and general hygiene in the Family Coping Index?

Treatment of existing health conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is assessed under the area of knowledge of health education within the Family Coping Index?

Understanding of health conditions and their implications Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is considered highest in priority when planning a family's care?

Life-threatening situations Signup and view all the answers

When setting priorities in family care, after addressing life-threatening needs, which factor should be considered next?

Family's perception of urgency Signup and view all the answers

What is the foundational step in formulating a plan of care besides priority setting?

Establishing goals and objectives Signup and view all the answers

In family care planning, prioritization involves evaluating which of the following?

Sequence of addressing needs Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention should be prioritized last when developing a family care plan?

Planning for preventative health measures Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is essential for establishing workable objectives in family health care?

They must be specific and measurable. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the concept of measurability important in setting objectives for family health care?

It enables concrete monitoring and evaluation of family achievements. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective goals in family health care?

Broad and general in scope. Signup and view all the answers

How do well-stated objectives benefit families in the process of achieving health goals?

They provide a detailed roadmap for expected family responses. Signup and view all the answers

In establishing goals and objectives for family health, what should be considered to ensure their effectiveness?

Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is essential for a well-stated objective in family health goals?

Specific and measurable Signup and view all the answers

What role do measurable objectives play in achieving family health goals?

They provide observable indicators for monitoring achievements. Signup and view all the answers

In defining objectives for family health, which aspect is NOT a focus according to best practices?

Experiencing subjective outcomes without validation Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to set realistic goals within the limits of resources in family health?

To ensure sustainable health practices are achievable Signup and view all the answers

What main difference exists between goals and objectives in the context of family health?

Goals are abstract, while objectives are concrete actions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of developmental interventions in family health?

To improve the family's ability to manage their health needs Signup and view all the answers

During the implementation of the plan of care, what is the nurse's primary responsibility?

To assist the family in executing the health plan Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a significant barrier to effective health intervention within a family?

Indecision and apathy among family members Signup and view all the answers

In addressing family-related barriers to health implementation, what factor must nurses primarily consider?

The hidden dynamics and issues within the family Signup and view all the answers

What role does family empowerment play in developmental interventions?

It promotes the family's capacity to address their own health challenges Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary responsibilities of the Municipal Health Officer (MHO) at the Rural Health Unit?

Preparing municipal health plans and budgets Signup and view all the answers

In what capacity does the Municipal Health Officer (MHO) monitor health services at the RHU?

By overseeing the implementation of basic health services Signup and view all the answers

Who leads the health services at the municipal level within the Rural Health Unit?

Municipal Health Officer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities does the Municipal Health Officer NOT typically perform?

Scheduling surgeries for patients Signup and view all the answers

What is a key administrative role of the Municipal Health Officer in the Rural Health Unit?

Prepare and manage health budgets Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Philippine Health Agenda (PHA) 2016-2022

The PHA aims to guarantee the right to health for all Filipinos, as stated in the 1987 Philippine Constitution.
The PHA focuses on achieving optimal health outcomes for all Filipinos, regardless of their socioeconomic background, ethnicity, gender, or location.
The PHA emphasizes a healthcare system that values and respects its clients and patients.
The PHA prioritizes protection for families, particularly those in vulnerable situations, against the high costs of healthcare.

Health System Guarantees

The health system will ensure population- and individual-level interventions for the whole lifespan.
The interventions will focus on health and wellness, prevent and treat the triple burden of disease, delay complications, facilitate rehabilitation, and provide palliation.

All Life Stages (ALS)

Services will be provided to pregnant women, children, adolescents, adults, and older persons.

Triple Burden of Disease

Consists of the following:
- Backlog of communicable diseases and neglected tropical diseases (Dengue, Chikungunya, Scabies)
- Challenges of noncommunicable diseases such as cancer, diabetes, heart disease, with risk factors such as obesity, smoking, poor diet, sedentary lifestyles, and malnutrition.
- Issues related to globalization, urbanization and industrialization that include injuries, substance use and abuse, mental illness, pandemics, travel medicine, and health consequences of climate change.

Access to Health Interventions

The health system will ensure access to health interventions through functional Service Delivery Networks (SDNs).
SDNs will consist of a well-equipped and fully-staffed network of static or mobile health facilities that are located near the population.
Services provided will comply with clinical practice guidelines, be available 24/7, and be resilient during disasters.

Financial Freedom in Universal Health Insurance

The National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) aims to provide financial freedom for Filipinos by eliminating healthcare costs.
The NHIP enrolls 100% of Filipinos, encompassing both formal and non-formal sectors.
Formal sector employees contribute premiums through payroll deductions.
Non-formal sector employees receive tax subsidies to cover their premiums.
The NHIP offers 100% coverage (zero-copayment) for individuals in the low-income bracket and those admitted to basic accommodations.
For individuals admitted to non-basic, private accommodations, a predictable (fixed) co-payment is implemented.

Working With Families: Key Concepts

Nurses should work with families for several important reasons.
Families can positively influence their members' health through initiatives like health promotion and wellness activities.
Disease can impact all family members.
Nurses can provide more holistic care by understanding the family as a system.

The Family as a System

The family operates as a unit, interacting with both external and internal systems.
Social systems, such as education, employment, and housing, have major influence on family health.
The family comprises three crucial subsystems:
- Parent-Child subsystem
- Marital subsystem
- Sibling-Sibling subsystem

Marriage

The beginning of a family unit, marriages involves the joining of two families and couples creating their identities as husband and wife.
Spouses realign their extended family relationships as part of the new family unit.
Transition to parenthood involves a period of decision making about family dynamics.

Families with Young Children

The integration of children into a family unit is a major life shift.
Task adjustments are needed for child-rearing, finances, and managing the household.
Adjustments require acclimating to new roles of parenting and grand parenting as the family grows.

Families with Adolescents

Adolescents develop increasing autonomy, leading to changes in family dynamics
Parents may re-evaluate their marriage and careers during this time
Families begin to shift their focus towards caring for older generations

Families as Launching Centers

Parents and adult children establish independent identities
Marital relationships are renegotiated as children move out
Family relationships adjust to include in-laws and grandchildren
Families may face the challenges of dealing with disabilities and death in the older generation

Aging Families

Families face adaptations as they age, including adjusting couple and individual functioning.
Middle generations play a crucial support role in aging families.
Older generations require support and maintain autonomy.
Families also prepare for death and deal with the loss of spouses, siblings, and peers.

Family Health Task

Community health nurses play an important role in empowering families to perform their health tasks.
The primary family health task is providing members with means for health promotion and disease prevention.
Examples of health promotion and disease prevention include breastfeeding, healthy diets for older members, and bringing children for immunizations.

Family Nursing Diagnosis

The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) proposes specific diagnoses for families.
The Family Coping Index provides a framework for identifying areas where nursing intervention might be needed.
The Family Coping Index highlights areas of family strengths that can be utilized to address health needs and issues.
Instead of focusing on identifying problems, the Family Coping Index concentrates on identifying coping patterns within the family across nine assessment areas.

Physical Dependence

Assesses family members' mobility and ability to perform daily tasks.

Therapeutic Competence

Measures the family's ability to follow prescribed home treatments, including:
- Medication administration
- Dietary recommendations
- Exercise regimens
- Wound dressing application
- Use of prosthetic devices

Knowledge of Health Education

Evaluates the family's understanding of the health condition.

Application of Principles of Personal and General Hygiene

Assesses the family's practices of general health promotion and preventive measures.

Planning of Care

The planning stage involves:
- Priority setting
- Establishing goals and objectives
- Determining relevant interventions
Priority setting involves determining the sequence in dealing with identified family needs and problems.
Family safety is the top priority when a life-threatening situation exists.
Family perception is the next priority, where the family's most urgent and important needs are addressed.

Goal Setting

Goals should be realistic and consider the family's resources, the nurse's capabilities, and the health agency's limitations.

Objectives

Objectives are specific steps the family takes to achieve their goals.
Well-stated objectives are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound (SMART).
Specific objectives clearly state who should perform which action.
Measurable objectives provide tangible evidence that the family has progressed towards a goal, enabling monitoring and evaluation.

Developmental Interventions

Aim to improve the family's capacity to meet its own health needs
Focus on empowering families

Implementing the Plan of Care

Involves the family and/or the nurse executing the plan of action
Focuses on helping family members meet health needs and address problems

Apathy (hopelessness and powerlessness)
Indecision
Nurses must investigate the underlying issues within the family to effectively address these barriers

Written Communications and Rural Health Units

Written communication is used to convey specific information to families, such as instructions given to parents through school children.
The Rural Health Unit (RHU), also known as a health center, is a primary level health facility in the municipality.
The Municipal Health Officer (MHO) or rural health physician oversees health services at the municipal level.
The MHO is responsible for:
- Preparing municipal health plans and budget.
- Monitoring the implementation of basic health services.
- Managing the RHU staff.

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Description

This quiz explores the Philippine Health Agenda (PHA) 2016-2022, which aims to ensure the right to health for all Filipinos. It highlights the PHA's focus on achieving optimal health outcomes and its commitment to protecting vulnerable families against healthcare costs.