Philippine Constitution Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a constitution?

To establish limits and distribute powers of government (correct)

To serve as a historical document without legal power

To enhance the cultural identity of a nation

To create public policies for economic growth

Which phrase best describes the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines?

A military-imposed framework for governance

An expression of national ideals and unity (correct)

A provisional set of guidelines for transitional governance

A document that prohibits all forms of governance

Which of the following is NOT one of the main features of the Philippine Constitution?

Pro-God

Anti-Dictatorship

Pro-Urban (correct)

Pro-Life

From which Latin word does the term 'Constitution' originate?

Constituo Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Constitution play regarding the legitimacy of the government?

It serves as a symbol of government's legitimacy Signup and view all the answers

What was the historical event that led to the creation of the Malolos Constitution?

Philippine Revolution against Spain Signup and view all the answers

What form of government is established by the Malolos Constitution?

Republican Signup and view all the answers

What was the term length for the President under the Malolos Constitution?

4 years with reelection Signup and view all the answers

Which provision was included in the Malolos Constitution?

Separation of Church and State Signup and view all the answers

Which President was in office during the ratification of the 1935 Constitution?

Manuel L Quezon Signup and view all the answers

What significant limitation is stated in the 1935 Constitution regarding public debt?

It should not exceed limits fixed by Congress in the United States Signup and view all the answers

What event triggered the formation of the 1973 Constitution?

Proclamation of Martial Law Signup and view all the answers

Who was the Chairman of the Commission that drafted the 1973 Constitution?

Ferdinand E. Marcos Sr. Signup and view all the answers

What is the legislative structure established by the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines?

Bicameral Signup and view all the answers

Under the 1973 Constitution, what was the term limit for the President?

6 years without reelection Signup and view all the answers

Which provision is NOT included in the significant provisions of the 1987 Constitution?

Military bases of other countries are allowed Signup and view all the answers

How old must citizens be to exercise suffrage according to the 1973 Constitution?

18 years Signup and view all the answers

What is one major power granted to the President in times of invasion or rebellion under the 1987 Constitution?

Suspend the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus Signup and view all the answers

What significant office was created under the 1987 Constitution?

Commission on Human Rights Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following principles is emphasized in the Preamble of the 1987 Constitution?

Promotion of common good Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the form of government established in the 1987 Constitution?

Republic Signup and view all the answers

What does the national territory of the Philippines include?

All islands, waters, and areas under Philippine sovereignty Signup and view all the answers

What is the prime duty of the Government as stated in the Declaration of State Principles?

To serve and protect the people Signup and view all the answers

Which principle emphasizes the importance of family life within the State?

The sanctity of family life is recognized and protected by the State Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a specific policy the State pursues?

Freedom from nuclear weapons in its territory Signup and view all the answers

What does the State aim to guarantee regarding public service opportunities?

Equal access to opportunities for public service Signup and view all the answers

What stance does the State take regarding the separation of Church and State?

It is a fundamental principle that shall be inviolable Signup and view all the answers

Which group is recognized for its vital role in nation-building by the State?

Women Signup and view all the answers

Which areas does the State give priority to in the pursuit of social progress?

Education, science and technology, arts, culture, and sports Signup and view all the answers

What principle protects individuals from being compelled to testify against themselves?

Right to remain silent Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following rights ensures that private property cannot be taken for public use without compensation?

Right to due process Signup and view all the answers

What is the legal assumption made about a person accused of a crime?

Innocent until proven guilty Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a specific protection mentioned in the Bill of Rights?

Right to vote in elections Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the right of an individual to acquire citizenship through their birthplace?

Jus solis Signup and view all the answers

What is prohibited by the principle of double jeopardy?

Being tried for the same crime twice Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions must exist for an individual to be detained solely for their political beliefs?

No person shall be detained for political beliefs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following rights guarantees freedom of expression?

Freedom of speech Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction

The presentation is about Social, Political, Economic, and Cultural issues in Philippine History: CONSTITUTION
Instructors are Angelica R. Rigucira, RPm, CHRA and Lester R. Saldua, LPT

The presentation covers: Concept of Constitution, Historical Development of Constitution, 1987 Constitution

Concept of Constitution

A constitution is a set of rules, principles, and customs.
It defines the limits and distributes the fundamental powers of government.
It also defines the relationship between the government and its citizens.
This concept is drawn from the Latin word constituo, meaning "established, fixed, or settled" (Bernas, 1997).

Roles of Constitution

Expresses national ideals and unity
Outlines government structure
Symbols of government legitimacy
Instruments of political stability

Philippine Constitutions

The Philippines has had three main constitutions: 1935 Commonwealth Constitution, 1973 Military Constitution, and 1987 Constitution.
These constitutions have effectively governed the country.

Main Features of the Constitution

Pro-God
Pro-Life
Pro-Poor
Pro-Filipino
Anti-Dictatorship

Malolos Constitution (1899)

Ratified on January 21, 1899
Historical context: Philippine Revolution against Spain and Declaration of Independence
President: Emilio Aguinaldo
Form of government: Republican
Form of legislature: Unicameral
Suffrage: Male, 21 years old, well-educated, and with properties and annual tax of 500 pesos
Significant provisions: Legality of Declaration of Independence, Division of Government into three branches (Legislative, Executive, Judiciary), Separation of Church and State, Freedom of Religion

1935 Commonwealth Constitution

Ratified on May 14, 1935
Historical event: Ratification of Tydings Mcduffie Law by Philippine Assembly
President: Manuel L. Quezon
Form of government: Commonwealth
Form of legislature: Unicameral
Term of the President: 4 years, with reelection
Significant provisions: The establishment of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, limits on public debt, restrictions by Congress of the United States

1973 Constitution

Ratified on January 17, 1973
Historical Context: Martial Law
Chairman of the Commission: Ferdinand E. Marcos Sr.
President: Ferdinand E. Marcos Sr.
Form of Government: Parliamentary
Form of legislature: Unicameral
Term of the President: 6 years, without reelection
Significant provisions: Suffrage based on age (18), no restrictions based on literacy, property, or other requirements.

1987 Constitution

President: Corazon Aquino
Form of Government: Republican
Form of Legislature: Bicameral
Term of the President: 6 years, without reelection
Significant provisions: Independent foreign policy, national economy controlled by Filipinos, public information regarding President's health in case of serious illness, no military bases, suspension of habeas corpus, creation of the Commission on Human Rights.

Preamble

We, the sovereign Filipino people, seek to establish a just and humane society.
The constitution embodies ideals and aspirations, promotes the common good, conserves and develops our patrimony.
Blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law, love, equality, and peace are sought.

Article I: National Territory

The national territory encompasses the Philippine archipelago and other territories under its sovereignty and jurisdiction (including terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial domains, territorial sea, seabed, subsoil, insular shelves, and other submarine areas.)
Waters surrounding, between, and connecting the islands form part of the internal waters.

Article II: Declaration of State Principles and Policies

This article lays out important principles and policies of the Philippine government.
These include a democratic and republican state, renouncing war, the government serving and protecting the people, the separation of Church and state, independent foreign policy.
Further provisions include the policy of freedom from nuclear weapons, family as the primary social institution, recognition of the vital roles of youth and women.
Honesty, integrity in public service, measures against graft and corruption

Article III: Bill of Rights

This article covers fundamental rights, including the right to life, liberty, and property, due process of law, security, privacy of communication, freedom of expression, freedom of religion, liberty of abode, information, right to form unions, private property without eminent domain.
Presumption of innocence in criminal cases, right to counsel, freedom from compelled self-incrimination.

Article IV: Citizenship

Discusses citizenship, acquired by birth (Jus Sanguinis-blood relationship, Jus Soli-place of birth) and by naturalization
Naturalization involves the act of an alien adopting Philippine citizenship

Additional notes

A multiple-choice question regarding the presumption of innocence before conviction in a criminal case is included
A question on whether there's a need for constitutional change concludes the presentation.

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Description

Explore the essential concepts and historical development of the Philippine Constitution, including the 1987 Constitution. This presentation highlights the significance of the constitution in shaping government structure and national unity. Deepen your understanding of the role of constitutions within the context of Philippine history.