Lecture 22&23

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What is the primary mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics?

Inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in the proximal convoluted tubule

Inhibiting Na-Cl cotransporter in the early distal tubule (correct)

Inhibiting the Na+/K+ pump in the collecting duct

Stimulating the release of atrial natriuretic peptide

Which of the following is NOT a potassium-sparing diuretic?

Spironolactone

Furosemide (correct)

Amiloride

Triamterene

What is the main effect of diuretic drugs on the body?

Decreased blood pressure and increased heart rate

Reduced urine flow and increased extracellular fluid volume

Increased sodium reabsorption and water retention

Increased urine flow and removal of excess extracellular fluid and electrolytes (correct)

Which diuretic class acts by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase?

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of action of loop diuretics?

Thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of diuretic action?

Increased urine flow and removal of excess extracellular fluid and electrolytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of thiazide diuretics on the body's sodium levels?

Increased sodium excretion Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of both thiazide and loop diuretics?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?

Inhibition of the cotransport of Na+/K+/2Cl– in the luminal membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a therapeutic use of thiazide diuretics?

Treatment of hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of thiazide diuretics on urinary calcium excretion?

Decreased calcium excretion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a unique adverse effect of loop diuretics?

Ototoxicity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of potassium-sparing diuretics?

Inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and K+ excretion in the collecting tubule Signup and view all the answers

What is the main therapeutic use of loop diuretics?

Reducing acute pulmonary edema of heart failure Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of osmotic diuretics?

Increasing fluid loss through osmotic activity Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics?

Hyperkalemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary therapeutic use of spironolactone?

Treatment of heart failure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of action of thiazide diuretics in the nephron?

Early distal tubule Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diuretics inhibits Na-Cl cotransporter in the early distal tubule?

Hydrochlorothiazide Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of diuretics on the body's sodium levels?

Decreased Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common property of all diuretics?

Increased urine flow Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diuretics is not a potassium-sparing diuretic?

Hydrochlorothiazide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of diuretics in the nephron?

Inhibition of ion transport Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique adverse effect of thiazide diuretics?

Erectile dysfunction Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of loop diuretics on sodium levels in the body?

Increased excretion of 15-25% of filtered sodium Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of both thiazide and loop diuretics?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?

Inhibition of Na+/K+/2Cl– cotransport Signup and view all the answers

What is a therapeutic use of thiazide diuretics?

Treatment of hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect of loop diuretics when used with aminoglycoside antibiotics?

Ototoxicity Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diuretics are used as adjunct therapy, usually with thiazide and loop diuretics?

Potassium-sparing diuretics Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of osmotic diuretics on the body?

Increased fluid loss due to osmotically active diuretics Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

Metabolic acidosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a therapeutic use of loop diuretics?

Treating acute pulmonary edema of heart failure Signup and view all the answers

Lecture 22&23

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics?

Which of the following is NOT a potassium-sparing diuretic?

What is the main effect of diuretic drugs on the body?

Which diuretic class acts by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase?

What is the primary site of action of loop diuretics?

What is the primary consequence of diuretic action?

What is the primary effect of thiazide diuretics on the body's sodium levels?

What is a common adverse effect of both thiazide and loop diuretics?

What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?

Which of the following is a therapeutic use of thiazide diuretics?

What is the effect of thiazide diuretics on urinary calcium excretion?

Which of the following is a unique adverse effect of loop diuretics?

What is the primary mechanism of action of potassium-sparing diuretics?

What is the main therapeutic use of loop diuretics?

What is a common adverse effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

What is the mechanism of action of osmotic diuretics?

What is a common adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics?

What is the primary therapeutic use of spironolactone?

What is the primary site of action of thiazide diuretics in the nephron?

Which of the following diuretics inhibits Na-Cl cotransporter in the early distal tubule?

What is the effect of diuretics on the body's sodium levels?

Which of the following is a common property of all diuretics?

Which of the following diuretics is not a potassium-sparing diuretic?

What is the primary mechanism of action of diuretics in the nephron?

What is a unique adverse effect of thiazide diuretics?

What is the effect of loop diuretics on sodium levels in the body?

What is a common adverse effect of both thiazide and loop diuretics?

What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?

What is a therapeutic use of thiazide diuretics?

What is a potential adverse effect of loop diuretics when used with aminoglycoside antibiotics?

Which type of diuretics are used as adjunct therapy, usually with thiazide and loop diuretics?

What is the primary effect of osmotic diuretics on the body?

What is a common adverse effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

What is a therapeutic use of loop diuretics?

What is a common adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics?

What is the mechanism of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

What is a therapeutic use of potassium-sparing diuretics?

What is a common adverse effect of loop diuretics?

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