38 Questions
What is the primary mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics?
Inhibiting Na-Cl cotransporter in the early distal tubule
Which of the following is NOT a potassium-sparing diuretic?
Furosemide
What is the main effect of diuretic drugs on the body?
Increased urine flow and removal of excess extracellular fluid and electrolytes
Which diuretic class acts by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase?
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
What is the primary site of action of loop diuretics?
Thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle
What is the primary consequence of diuretic action?
Increased urine flow and removal of excess extracellular fluid and electrolytes
What is the primary effect of thiazide diuretics on the body's sodium levels?
Increased sodium excretion
What is a common adverse effect of both thiazide and loop diuretics?
Hypokalemia
What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?
Inhibition of the cotransport of Na+/K+/2Cl– in the luminal membrane
Which of the following is a therapeutic use of thiazide diuretics?
Treatment of hypertension
What is the effect of thiazide diuretics on urinary calcium excretion?
Decreased calcium excretion
Which of the following is a unique adverse effect of loop diuretics?
Ototoxicity
What is the primary mechanism of action of potassium-sparing diuretics?
Inhibiting Na+ reabsorption and K+ excretion in the collecting tubule
What is the main therapeutic use of loop diuretics?
Reducing acute pulmonary edema of heart failure
What is a common adverse effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
Hypokalemia
What is the mechanism of action of osmotic diuretics?
Increasing fluid loss through osmotic activity
What is a common adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics?
Hyperkalemia
What is the primary therapeutic use of spironolactone?
Treatment of heart failure
What is the primary site of action of thiazide diuretics in the nephron?
Early distal tubule
Which of the following diuretics inhibits Na-Cl cotransporter in the early distal tubule?
Hydrochlorothiazide
What is the effect of diuretics on the body's sodium levels?
Decreased
Which of the following is a common property of all diuretics?
Increased urine flow
Which of the following diuretics is not a potassium-sparing diuretic?
Hydrochlorothiazide
What is the primary mechanism of action of diuretics in the nephron?
Inhibition of ion transport
What is a unique adverse effect of thiazide diuretics?
Erectile dysfunction
What is the effect of loop diuretics on sodium levels in the body?
Increased excretion of 15-25% of filtered sodium
What is a common adverse effect of both thiazide and loop diuretics?
All of the above
What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics?
Inhibition of Na+/K+/2Cl– cotransport
What is a therapeutic use of thiazide diuretics?
Treatment of hypertension
What is a potential adverse effect of loop diuretics when used with aminoglycoside antibiotics?
Ototoxicity
Which type of diuretics are used as adjunct therapy, usually with thiazide and loop diuretics?
Potassium-sparing diuretics
What is the primary effect of osmotic diuretics on the body?
Increased fluid loss due to osmotically active diuretics
What is a common adverse effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
Metabolic acidosis
What is a therapeutic use of loop diuretics?
Treating acute pulmonary edema of heart failure
What is a common adverse effect of potassium-sparing diuretics?
Hyperkalemia
What is the mechanism of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
Inhibiting the enzyme carbonic anhydrase
What is a therapeutic use of potassium-sparing diuretics?
Used in adjunct therapy
What is a common adverse effect of loop diuretics?
Metabolic alkalosis
Learn about the main actions, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences, clinical uses, and adverse effects of diuretics. Understand how these agents work to remove excess fluid and electrolytes and increase urine flow.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
