Pharmacology: Antimotility and Adsorbent Agents
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the population is affected by IBS?

  • 15%
  • 25%
  • 10%
  • 20% (correct)

    • What is a common precipitating factor for IBS symptoms?

  • Emotional stress (correct)
  • Glaucoma
  • Gastroenteritis
  • Prostatism

    • What is a contraindication for antimuscarinic drugs?

  • Gastro-oesophageal reflux
  • Glaucoma
  • Prostatism
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What is the effect of Mebeverine on colonic muscle activity?

    <p>Decreases colonic hypermotility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of IBS symptoms?

    <p>Absence of demonstrable pathology in the gastrointestinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of magnesium-containing antacids?

    <p>Diarrhoea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the use of antimotility drugs in children?

    <p>Acute diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of adsorbent agents in controlling diarrhea?

    <p>Adsorbing intestinal toxins or microorganisms and/or coating or protecting the intestinal mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the condition that can be caused by antimicrobials, particularly in elderly patients in hospital?

    <p>Pseudomembranous colitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antibiotics is more prone to cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea?

    <p>Third generation cephalosporin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for antibiotic-associated diarrhea caused by Clostridium difficile?

    <p>Vancomycin or metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the agent used to decrease fluid secretion in the bowel, often used for traveler's diarrhea?

    <p>Bismuth subsalicylate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of oral rehydration therapy in treating watery diarrhea from acute gastroenteritis?

    <p>Glucose-coupled sodium transport continues during diarrhoea and enhances water and electrolyte replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding a small dose of atropine to diphenoxylate?

    <p>To reduce the potential for abuse of diphenoxylate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of loperamide on the gut contents?

    <p>It impairs the propulsion of gut contents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended formulation of oral rehydration salts (ORS) by the WHO/UNICEF?

    <p>Sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, and anhydrous glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of naloxone on the actions of codeine, diphenoxylate, and loperamide?

    <p>It antagonises their actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of antimotility drugs such as codeine and diphenoxylate?

    <p>They delay the passage of gut contents by reducing peristalsis and increasing segmentation contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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