Pharmacokinetics: Drug Transport and Disposition

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What is the primary focus of pharmacokinetics?

How the body reacts to the drug

How the body eliminates the drug

How the drug affects the body

What the body does to the drug (correct)

What type of transport is involved in the movement of large ions?

Ion-pair transport (correct)

Passive diffusion

Convection transport

Active transport

What is the purpose of Phase I drug metabolism reactions?

To convert drugs into inactive or less active forms (correct)

To improve the absorption of the drug

To increase the potency of the drug

To increase the excretion of the drug

What is the result of a drug being in an acidic environment if it is an acidic drug?

It becomes non-ionized and lipid-soluble Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the reversible transfer of a drug from the systemic circulation to the site of action and other compartments?

Distribution Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which a drug is released from its dosage form into its solution form?

Liberation Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist is known as the 'Father of Chemotherapy'?

Paul Ehrlich Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the first antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming?

Penicillin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of antiseptics?

To destroy pathogenic microorganisms locally Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing the carbon atom chain length on antibacterial property up to C8?

Antibacterial property increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of branching on antibacterial property?

Antibacterial property decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for substances that destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms that cause infection?

Anti-infectives Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional group attached to two carbon atoms in a sulfone?

Sulfonyl Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of dapsone?

Inhibition of folate synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is dapsone commonly used to treat?

Leprosy Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended combination therapy for initial treatment of lepromatous leprosy?

Dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrofuran is used to treat American sleeping sickness?

Nifurtimox Signup and view all the answers

What type of diarrhea is furazolidone commonly used to treat?

Bacterial and protozoal diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Silver Nitrate?

It reacts with the –SH of enzymes and other proteins by forming R-SHg-R' Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of Silver Sulfadiazine?

It is used as a burn ointment Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim?

Co-trimoxazole Signup and view all the answers

What is the reversible effect of Mercury on enzymes and proteins?

It is reversible by thiol-containing compounds such as Cysteine and Dimeraprol Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cells do not synthesize folic acid?

Mammalian cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of trimethoprim?

Inhibiting the reduction of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is Chlormerodrin Hg-197?

A radio-labelled form of Chlormerodrin, an organomercury compound Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative drug to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii infection?

Pentamidine Signup and view all the answers

What is the common property of Heavy Metals with oligodynamic properties?

They can inhibit microorganisms in few concentrations Signup and view all the answers