Personality Rebuttal: Critiquing Mischel's Argument

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What is the main focus of the Person-Situation Debate?

Discussing the impact of environment on personality (correct)

Comparing different personality assessment tools

Exploring the role of genes in personality development

Arguing that personality traits are fixed and unchangeable

What is a common misconception about the Big Five?

The Big Five only focus on negative personality traits

The Big Five have no impact on life outcomes

The Big Five are universally applicable across all cultures (correct)

There are limitless personality traits, not just five

Which approach involves theorizing about important traits in different cultures?

Trait approach

Observational approach

Lexical approach (correct)

Cross-cultural approach

In what aspect do the Arab Leventine Personality Structure, HEXACO model, and Dark Triad differ from the Big Five?

They were all conducted using a different approach compared to the Big Five Signup and view all the answers

What criticism does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) face according to the text?

It is not a preferred tool for career or educational assessments Signup and view all the answers

How are the Big Five different from other models like HEXACO and Dark Triad?

The Big Five do not include traits related to narcissism or Machiavellianism Signup and view all the answers

According to Walter Mischel's critique of trait approaches, what did he argue about behavior?

Behavior is too inconsistent across situations. Signup and view all the answers

What was the average correlation between personality and behavior in the lab studies reviewed, according to the text?

.40 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument of situationism in the person-situation debate?

Situations drive behavior; personality is unimportant. Signup and view all the answers

Why did personality psychology face challenges in the 1970s-80s according to the text?

Research journals were interested in publishing personality research. Signup and view all the answers

What was the immediate aftermath of the person-situation debate on personality psychology?

Personality psychology faced decline and challenges. Signup and view all the answers

As a personality psychologist, how would you respond to the situationist argument based on the text?

Acknowledge the small correlations but argue that personality still matters. Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of correlation between two variables?

-1 to 1 Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to study personality in real life?

To understand how consistent individuals are in their behavior Signup and view all the answers

What did Lewin propose in the early 1900s?

Behavior is a function of both the Person and the Environment Signup and view all the answers

What does a correlation coefficient of.40 indicate?

Moderate correlation Signup and view all the answers

In the context of reactive transaction, how do extraverts behave at a party with strangers?

They socialize even more than at a party with friends Signup and view all the answers

What does the binomial effect size display help in converting?

Correlations to the likelihood of correct predictions Signup and view all the answers

What is active transaction in the context of personality and situation interactionism?

How people can choose situations based on their personality Signup and view all the answers

What does an r-value of.40 translate to in terms of likelihood of making a correct prediction?

70% Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the idea that personality and situation interact with each other to influence behavior?

Interactionism Signup and view all the answers

Why does Mischel's argument face criticism in the text?

Regarding the use of lab studies for correlation analysis Signup and view all the answers

In the Person-Situation Resolution, what was concluded about the influence on behavior?

Both the Person and the Situation matter Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a type of transaction mentioned in the text regarding how personality and situation interact?

'Inactive transaction' Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the study by Funder and Colvin (1991)?

To compare the effect of personality versus situation on behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial proposal about the effect of situations and personality on behavior?

Effect of situation + Effect of Personality = 100 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern highlighted in relation to the initial proposal about the effect of situations and personality on behavior?

The proposal did not consider situational variables or other personality traits. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest as a solution for calculating the effect of situations on behavior?

Compare behavior in the same situation more than once. Signup and view all the answers

How were the results of Funder and Colvin's study interpreted in terms of situational and personality effects?

Situational effect: People were more relaxed and social the second time; Personality effect: Some individuals consistently showed higher social behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

How does the text suggest researchers should assess the impact of personality on behavior?

By comparing behavior across different individuals multiple times. Signup and view all the answers