Personality Rebuttal: Critiquing Mischel's Argument

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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of the Person-Situation Debate?

  • Discussing the impact of environment on personality (correct)
  • Comparing different personality assessment tools
  • Exploring the role of genes in personality development
  • Arguing that personality traits are fixed and unchangeable

What is a common misconception about the Big Five?

  • The Big Five only focus on negative personality traits
  • The Big Five have no impact on life outcomes
  • The Big Five are universally applicable across all cultures (correct)
  • There are limitless personality traits, not just five

Which approach involves theorizing about important traits in different cultures?

  • Trait approach
  • Observational approach
  • Lexical approach (correct)
  • Cross-cultural approach

In what aspect do the Arab Leventine Personality Structure, HEXACO model, and Dark Triad differ from the Big Five?

<p>They were all conducted using a different approach compared to the Big Five (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What criticism does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) face according to the text?

<p>It is not a preferred tool for career or educational assessments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the Big Five different from other models like HEXACO and Dark Triad?

<p>The Big Five do not include traits related to narcissism or Machiavellianism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Walter Mischel's critique of trait approaches, what did he argue about behavior?

<p>Behavior is too inconsistent across situations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the average correlation between personality and behavior in the lab studies reviewed, according to the text?

<p>.40 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument of situationism in the person-situation debate?

<p>Situations drive behavior; personality is unimportant. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did personality psychology face challenges in the 1970s-80s according to the text?

<p>Research journals were interested in publishing personality research. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the immediate aftermath of the person-situation debate on personality psychology?

<p>Personality psychology faced decline and challenges. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As a personality psychologist, how would you respond to the situationist argument based on the text?

<p>Acknowledge the small correlations but argue that personality still matters. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of correlation between two variables?

<p>-1 to 1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to study personality in real life?

<p>To understand how consistent individuals are in their behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Lewin propose in the early 1900s?

<p>Behavior is a function of both the Person and the Environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a correlation coefficient of.40 indicate?

<p>Moderate correlation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of reactive transaction, how do extraverts behave at a party with strangers?

<p>They socialize even more than at a party with friends (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the binomial effect size display help in converting?

<p>Correlations to the likelihood of correct predictions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is active transaction in the context of personality and situation interactionism?

<p>How people can choose situations based on their personality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an r-value of.40 translate to in terms of likelihood of making a correct prediction?

<p>70% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the idea that personality and situation interact with each other to influence behavior?

<p>Interactionism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Mischel's argument face criticism in the text?

<p>Regarding the use of lab studies for correlation analysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Person-Situation Resolution, what was concluded about the influence on behavior?

<p>Both the Person and the Situation matter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a type of transaction mentioned in the text regarding how personality and situation interact?

<p>'Inactive transaction' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the study by Funder and Colvin (1991)?

<p>To compare the effect of personality versus situation on behavior. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial proposal about the effect of situations and personality on behavior?

<p>Effect of situation + Effect of Personality = 100 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern highlighted in relation to the initial proposal about the effect of situations and personality on behavior?

<p>The proposal did not consider situational variables or other personality traits. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest as a solution for calculating the effect of situations on behavior?

<p>Compare behavior in the same situation more than once. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How were the results of Funder and Colvin's study interpreted in terms of situational and personality effects?

<p>Situational effect: People were more relaxed and social the second time; Personality effect: Some individuals consistently showed higher social behaviors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text suggest researchers should assess the impact of personality on behavior?

<p>By comparing behavior across different individuals multiple times. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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