PE 109 Movement Enhancement Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which organ is NOT part of the endocrine system?

Pituitary gland

Pancreas

Spleen (correct)

Thymus

What is one of the primary functions of the integumentary system?

Stores calcium

Circulates lymph

Produces hormones

Regulates body temperature (correct)

Which organ is primarily responsible for the chemical breakdown of food in the digestive system?

Esophagus

Stomach (correct)

Liver

Small intestine

Which system is primarily responsible for maturation and proliferation of lymphocytes?

Lymphatic system Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the excretory system?

Eliminating waste Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes skeletal muscles?

Are vital for movement and function Signup and view all the answers

Which gland is involved in regulating calcium levels in the body?

Parathyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs is part of both the digestive and excretory systems?

Large intestine Signup and view all the answers

In the reproductive system, which structure is not involved in male reproduction?

Ovaries Signup and view all the answers

One of the main roles of muscle tissue in the body is to:

Facilitate movement Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nervous system primarily detects changes in the environment?

Sense organs Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is NOT derived from the skin?

Lymph nodes Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of body weight that muscle tissue constitutes?

40% Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main roles of the liver in the digestive system?

Producing bile Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a role of the kidneys in the excretory system?

Regulating electrolyte balance Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of hormones produced by the reproductive system?

Controlling sexual growth and function Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary function of skeletal muscle related to human movement?

Generating tension for joint stability Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three main functions of human movement?

Enhancing neural flexibility Signup and view all the answers

How do muscle actions maintain body posture?

Through continuous small adjustments Signup and view all the answers

Which component is crucial for joint stabilization in the skeletal system?

Tendons applying muscle tension Signup and view all the answers

What role do skeletal muscles play in temperature regulation?

They produce heat as a byproduct of muscle activity. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is responsible for voluntary movement?

Skeletal muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is a function of skeletal muscle related to visceral organs?

Supporting and protecting organs Signup and view all the answers

How do skeletal muscles contribute to movements such as running?

They create tension that is transferred to bones. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of human anatomy?

The study of the structures of the human body. Signup and view all the answers

What does human physiology primarily study?

The functional processes of the human body. Signup and view all the answers

What is the etymology of the word 'anatomy'?

From Greek meaning 'a cutting up'. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of the muscular and skeletal systems?

They provide structure and facilitate movement. Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding anatomy important in health and medicine?

It assists in understanding body structures and medical conditions. Signup and view all the answers

What has recently enhanced the study of human anatomy aside from dissection?

Imaging technology. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately contrasts anatomy and physiology?

Anatomy focuses on structures; physiology focuses on functions. Signup and view all the answers

Which system is primarily responsible for the initiation of movements in the human body?

Muscular system. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of smooth muscle?

Involuntary movement of internal organs Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cardiac muscle from skeletal muscle?

Cardiac muscle fibers are short and thick, forming a mesh. Signup and view all the answers

How many bones does an adult human typically have?

206 bones Signup and view all the answers

What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

Leverage, support, protection, storage, and blood cell formation Signup and view all the answers

What does the skeletal system provide that is essential for movement?

Levers and axes of rotation Signup and view all the answers

What mainly influences the shape and size of the skeletal framework?

Nutritional habits, activity level, and postural habits Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is involved in reflex actions?

Smooth muscle Signup and view all the answers

What prediction can be made about adult height based on a child's height?

Adult height can be roughly predicted by doubling the height of a 2-year-old. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Learning Outcomes

Define Basic Anatomy and Physiology.
Identify functions of the organ systems in the human body.
Explain the role of the muscular and skeletal systems in movement.
Compare and contrast muscular and skeletal systems in human movement science.

Basic Anatomy and Physiology

Human Anatomy studies the structures of the human body; traditionally linked to dissection, now increasingly reliant on imaging technology.
Human Physiology examines mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions, forming the basis of modern medicine and health understanding.

Organ Systems Overview

Digestive System: Includes mouth, teeth, tongue, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, gall bladder, pancreas; responsible for food breakdown and nutrient absorption.
Excretory System: Comprises sweat glands, large intestines, kidneys, urters, bladder, urethra; regulates blood composition, waste elimination, and fluid balance.
Reproductive System: Male (testes, penis, prostate) and Female (ovaries, uterus); produces gametes and hormones regulating sexual functions.
Nervous System: Composed of brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory organs; regulates body activities via nerve impulses responding to environmental changes.
Endocrine System: Includes hormone-producing glands like pituitary and thyroid; regulates body functions through blood-borne hormones.
Integumentary System: Skin and associated structures; regulates temperature, protects body, and produces vitamin D.
Lymphatic System: Circulates lymph and defends against disease; includes lymph nodes and vessels.

Science of Human Movement: Muscular and Skeletal Systems

Basic movement skills are crucial for developing complex skills and enhancing confidence in physical activities.
Muscular System: Composed of muscle fibers, constitutes about 40% of body weight; facilitates movement, stabilizes joints, and maintains posture.
Functions of the muscular system:
- Produces movement by generating tension through muscle actions.
- Maintains posture with continuous muscle activity.
- Stabilizes joints through muscle tensions across joints.
Additional functions: support and protect organs, control cavity pressures, regulate body temperature, and manage voluntary bodily functions (e.g., swallowing, urination).

Types of Muscle Tissue

Skeletal Muscle (Voluntary): Striated muscles facilitating conscious movements (e.g., running); involved in reflex actions.
Smooth Muscle (Involuntary): Non-striated, regulates involuntary movements of internal organs (e.g., digestive tract).
Cardiac Muscle (Involuntary): Striated muscle found only in the heart; short, thick fibers forming a dense mesh.

Skeletal System

The framework determines body shape and size; adult skeleton comprises 206 bones, while infants have around 350 bones.
Functions of the skeletal system: leverage, support, protection, storage, blood cell formation.
Leverage: Acts as levers for muscle-generated movements; long bones serve as levers and joints act as axes of rotation.

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Description

This quiz covers Movement Enhancement techniques and anatomy as outlined in PE 109. Students will be expected to define key concepts related to basic anatomy and exercise patterns. Perfect for those aiming to deepen their understanding of physical activities for health and fitness.