Pathophysiology of Hyperemia and Embolism

Question 1

• Increased blood flow after brief limitation is called reactive hyperemia.

Question 2

• Purulent melting of a thrombus is called septic autolysis.

Question 3

• Blood clots in the left side of the heart can cause pulmonary artery embolism.

Question 4

• Bradykinin is a mediator of inflammation, and it does not cause arterial hyperemia. Prostacyclin doesn't cause arterial hyperemia.

Question 5

• Local temperature typically increases in arterial hyperemia.

Question 6

• Plasmin is not a product of alteration that causes arteriol hyperemia.

Question 7

• Neurotonic arterial hyperemia can develop following a trigeminal neuralgia case.

Question 8

• Venous hyperemia is the condition defined by increased blood volume in tissues resulting from decreased venous outflow.

Question 9

• Pale skin and reduced local temperature are signs of arterial ischemia.

Question 10

• Embolism at caisson works is caused by nitrogen.

Question 11

• The adverse effect of thrombosis is septic autolysis.

Question 12

• The occlusion of lymphatic or blood vessels by foreign particles not normally present in blood or lymph is called embolism.

Question 13

• A common complication of arterial hyperemia is necrosis.

Question 14

• Pale skin and decreased local temperature are signs of ischemia.

Question 15

• Increased blood supply to an organ or tissue due to difficulties in venous drainage is called venous hyperemia.

Question 16

• Thrombus formation begins with vessel endothelium damage and the release of various factors, including serotonin.

Question 17

• Neurotonic arterial hyperemia can develop after vasoconstrictor nerves are cut.

Question 18

• Neuroparalytic arterial hyperemia is a possible result of medication blockade.

Question 19

• Ischemia is most harmful to the brain.

Question 20

• Ultraviolet erythema is a pathological type of arterial hyperemia, but not all arterial hyperemia cases are pathological.

Question 21

• Inflammatory hyperemia, thermal hyperemia, and ultraviolet erythema belong to pathological arterial hyperemia.

Question 22

• Intravital blood or lymph coagulation within blood vessels and the heart is called thrombosis.

Question 23

• Removal of ascitic fluid can cause various circulatory issues in the abdominal cavity, including arterial hyperemia in short term.

Question 24

• Reactive hyperemia is the increase of blood flow following a period of reduced blood flow.

Question 25

• Arterial hyperemia causes red skin coloration.

Question 26

• Arterial hyperemia comes from increased blood filling in the arterioles.

Question 27

• Histamine increases the permeability of microcirculatory blood vessels.

Question 28

• Thrombosis of blood vessels causes venous hyperemia.

Question 29

• Septic autolysis of a thrombus is a dangerous outcome of thrombogenesis.

Question 30

• The term "sludge phenomenon" refers to the aggregation of red blood cells.

Question 31

• The organs most at risk during ischemia are the heart, lungs, kidneys, and intestines.

Question 32

• Increased histamine in tissue due to injury leads to redness, swelling and pain

Question 33

• Venous hyperemia is characterized by fluid accumulation in tissues.

Question 34

• Tissue thromboplastin is the III factor of blood coagulation.

Question 35

• Thromboembolism is the most likely pulmonary artery embolism caused by thigh bone fracture.

Question 36

• Ischemia results from reduced blood flow, not increased flow.

Question 37

• Venous hyperemia develops due to vessel thrombosis.

Question 38

• Edema is a typical symptom of lymphokinesis insufficiency.

Question 39

• Fatty embolism is a potential complication of intravenous fat infusion.

Question 40

• An embolus from the right heart can pass to the left through a ventricular septal defect.

Question 41

• Fatty embolism is the likely complication of accidental oily solution infusion from the incorrect administration.

Question 42

• Gas embolism is a potential problem related to caisson disease.

Question 43

• Capillary vessel diameters are normally less than 100 micrometers.

Question 44

• Blood flow within tissues and organs decreases during ischemia.

Question 45

• Irritation of parasympathetic nerve fibers can cause Neurotonic arterial hyperemia.

Question 46

• Physiological hyperemia happens due to chemical compound effects.

Question 47

• Histamine increases the permeability of microcirculatory blood vessels.

Question 48

• Adhesion of red blood cells to one another is called the "sludge phenomenon."

Question 49

• Metabolism increases in the instance of arterial hyperemia.

Question 50

• The brain is the most sensitive organ concerning ischemia risk.

Question 51

• Thromboembolism is an example of endogenous blood embolism.

Question 52

• Histamine is a substance that boosts capillary wall permeability.

Question 53

• The enhanced blood supply needed for enhanced organ function is called working hyperemia.

Question 54

• Thromboembolism is a likely embolism in large vein damage with negative blood pressure.

Question 55

• Neurotonic arterial hyperemia is a typical cause of prosopalgia.

Question 56

• Stasis is the cessation of blood flow inside vessels, especially capillaries.

Question 57

• The wound described shows venous hyperemia.

Question 58

• Thrombocytopenia is a disorder linked to a reduction in platelets owing to their excessive destruction. This type of thrombocytopenia belongs to the immune-mediated categories.

Question 59

• Septic autolysis is the most hazardous consequence of thrombogenesis.

Question 60

• Angiospastic ischemia is the cause of circulatory issues during emotional outbursts.

Question 61

• Blood clot formation in the heart chambers, specifically on heart valves, is associated with septic endocarditis.

Question 62

• Embolization, typically a thromboembolism, can have severe consequences, including kidney or organ infarction.

Question 63

• Ischemia leads to pale skin and low local temperature.

Question 64

• When peripheral blood circulation disorders induce cyanosis, enlarged volume, and diminished local temperature, it signals venous hyperemia.

Question 65

• Arterial hyperemia displays a pale appearance in the affected skin area and lost/diminished local temperature.

Question 66

• Hemorrhagic syndrome, especially in acute radiation sickness, is very often caused by a reduction in blood clotting factors and increased fibrinolysis factors.

Question 67

• Venous hyperemia is the correct answer to the image identified as Fig. 78

Question 68

• Thromboembolism is a potential outcome of the vascular lesion seen in Figure 79.

Question 69

• The figure, labeled as Fig. 81, suggests a possible cause of ileofemoral thrombosis.

Question 70

• The most common cause of vascular clot formation seen on heart valves is septic endocarditis.

Question 71

• Figure 79 suggests thromboembolism.

Question 72

• The vascular damage in Figure 78 appears to be Obstructive, impeding blood flow.

Question 73

• Aorta is correctly identified as the vessel in Figure 81 because of its peculiar movement.

Question 74

• Thromboembolism is the most probable explanation based on figure 79, not Aseptic autolysis.

This quiz covers key concepts related to hyperemia, blood flow conditions, and embolism, focusing on definitions and physiological mechanisms. It includes important terms such as reactive hyperemia, septic autolysis, and neurotonic arterial hyperemia. Test your knowledge on these fundamental pathophysiological processes.