Pathophysiology of Blood Flow Disorders
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Questions and Answers

What condition is characterized by pale skin and decreased local temperature?

  • Arterial hyperemia
  • Venous hyperemia
  • Lymphostasis
  • Ischemia (correct)

    • Which phenomenon is caused by the difficulty of blood outflow through veins?

  • Ischemic stasis
  • Obturative ischemia
  • Arterial hyperemia
  • Venous hyperemia (correct)

    • What substance is released as a result of vessel endothelium damage during thrombus formation?

  • Histamine
  • Phospholipase A2
  • Adenosine triphosphate
  • Serotonin (correct)

    • What is the outcome of damaging vasoconstrictor nerves?

    <p>Neuroparalytic arterial hyperemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does not contribute to pathological arterial hyperemia?

    <p>Working</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the purulent melting of thrombus?

    <p>Septic autolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hyperemia is characterized by a decrease in local temperature?

    <p>None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mediator of inflammation is responsible for causing arterial hyperemia?

    <p>Prostacyclin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is a consequence of blood clots formed in the left parts of the heart?

    <p>Kidney infarction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes obstruction ischemia?

    <p>Complete obstruction of arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does not cause arteriol hyperemia?

    <p>Plasmin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What product of alteration is associated with the development of reactions in inflammation?

    <p>ADP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of embolism in relation to blood and lymphatic vessels?

    <p>Occlusion by particles not normally present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What embolism is primarily associated with the phenomenon of caisson disease in divers?

    <p>Gas embolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by a red coloration of the skin?

    <p>Arterial hyperemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor of blood coagulation is also known as tissue thromboplastin?

    <p>III factor of blood coagulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the increase in blood flow following a brief interruption?

    <p>Reactive hyperemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected diameter of microcirculation vessels?

    <p>Less than 100 micrometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition results from an increase in blood filling of vessels?

    <p>Arterial hyperemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily causes angiospastic ischemia during an emotional reaction?

    <p>Neurogenic factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is most vulnerable to ischemia?

    <p>Brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What likely develops at the fracture of the right thigh-bone?

    <p>Thromboembolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most dangerous consequence of thrombogenesis?

    <p>Aseptic autolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sign indicates lymphokinesis insufficiency?

    <p>Edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition leads to venous hyperemia?

    <p>Thrombosis of vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition does venous hyperemia primarily develop?

    <p>Vessel thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological state decreases the number of functioning capillaries?

    <p>Ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically decreased during ischemia in tissues and organs?

    <p>Blood filling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is referred to as the sludge phenomenon in blood pathology?

    <p>Aggregation of red corpuscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the increased permeability of microcirculatory vessel walls in the short term?

    <p>Histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by a blood flow stop in the capillaries?

    <p>Stasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hyperemia occurs in response to organ function increase?

    <p>Working hyperemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of embolism is classified as endogenous?

    <p>Thromboembolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is most affected by ischemia?

    <p>Brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most dangerous completion of thrombogenesis for a patient?

    <p>Immune thrombocytopenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sensation is typically associated with neurotonic arterial hyperemia?

    <p>Flushing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation might venous hyperemia occur?

    <p>Following arterial blockage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying mechanism responsible for angiospastic ischemia?

    <p>Vasoconstriction of coronary arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can lead to ischemic stasis in peripheral blood circulation?

    <p>Venous outflow obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is thrombocytopenia primarily associated with in massive hemorrhage?

    <p>Decreased platelet counts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the condition characterized by pale skin and lower local temperature due to reduced blood flow.

    <p>Ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of embolism is most likely caused by thrombus formation in the left heart chambers?

    <p>Pulmonary artery embolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of hemorrhagic syndrome, which factor signifies a structural issue with blood vessels?

    <p>Ulceration of the endothelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological phenomenon is signified by a dark red area around a vessel on a diagram?

    <p>Venous thromboembolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically observed during venous hyperemia in localized areas?

    <p>Swelling and warmth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Flow Alterations

    • Reactive hyperemia: The increase in blood flow after a brief limitation.
    • Septic autolysis: The purulent melting of a thrombus.
    • Embolism at caisson works: Caused by nitrogen.
    • Adverse result of thrombosis: Septic autolysis.
    • Occlusion of lymphatic or blood vessels: Named embolism.
    • Arterial hyperemia complication: Necrosis or rupture of vessels.
    • Pale skin and decreased temperature: Signs of ischemia.
    • Increasing organ/tissue blood supply: Venous hyperemia.
    • Formation of thrombus: Begins with vessel endothelium damage and release of serotonin.
    • Disorders after cutting vasoconstrictor nerves: Neurotonic arterial hyperemia.
    • Medicamentous blockade state: Neuroparalytic arterial hyperemia.
    • Most dangerous ischemia: Brain.
    • Pathological arterial hyperemia, except: Working.
    • Intravital blood/lymph coagulation: Thrombosis.
    • Damaging factor sign of increased permeability: Diapedesis of red corpuscles.
    • Obstruction ischemia result: Complete obstruction of arteries.
    • Local blood circulation violation in abdominal cavity after removing ascitic fluid: Arterial hyperemia.
    • Skin red color: Arterial hyperemia.

    Other Concepts

    • Diameter of microcirculation vessels less than: 100 micrometer.
    • Blood filling of tissues during ischemia: Decreases initially, then may increase or stay without change.
    • Disorders due to mistaken intravenous oily solution infusion: Fatty embolism.
    • Embolus passing from right to left heart: Ventricular septal defect.
    • Arterial hyperemia of Neuroparalytic Type: Results from paralysis of vasoconstrictive nerves.
    • Substance increasing microcirculatory vessel permeability: Histamine.
    • Increase of blood supply in the organ with its function: Working hyperemia.
    • Substance increasing short-term microcirculation vessel permeability: Histamine.
    • Embolism belonging to endogenous: Thromboembolism.
    • Most sensitive organ to ischemia: Brain
    • Typical hyperemia in prosopalgia: Neurotonic.
    • Blood motion stop in capillaries: Named stasis
    • Wound edema stage: Venous hyperemia
    • Increased thromboyte destruction cause: Immune thrombocytopenia
    • Severe consequences of ischemia: Primarily for heart.

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    Pathological Physiology Test PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores various conditions related to blood flow issues, including factors that lead to pale skin, obstacles in venous blood outflow, and impacts of thrombus formation. Test your knowledge on hyperemia, ischemia, and related medical terminologies.

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