Pathological Physiology Test PDF

## Pathological Physiology Test This is a test on Pathological Physiology. It consists of several multiple choice questions. ### Question 1 The increase of blood flow after its brief limitation is named: - Venous hyperemia - **Reactive hyperemia** - Thermal hyperemia - Compression ischemia - Inf...

## Pathological Physiology Test This is a test on Pathological Physiology. It consists of several multiple choice questions. ### Question 1 The increase of blood flow after its brief limitation is named: - Venous hyperemia - **Reactive hyperemia** - Thermal hyperemia - Compression ischemia - Inflammatory hyperemia ### Question 2 The purulent melting of thrombus is named: - Vascularization - Aseptic autolysis - **Septic autolysis** - Recanalization - Organization ### Question 3 Blood clots formed in the left parts of heart may cause: - Arrhythmia - Tissue embolism - Pneumonia - Embolism of pulmonary artery - **Kidney infarction** ### Question 4 What mediator of inflammation doesn't cause arterial hyperemia? - **Thromboxan** - Bradykinin - Prostacyclin - Histamine - Serotonin ### Question 5 What changes of local temperature are typical for arterial hyperemia: - Decrease at first, and then will increase - May or increase or decrease - A temperature does not change - Decrease - **Increase** ### Question 6 What product of alteration doesn't cause arteriol hyperemia? - **Plasmin** - Pyruvate - Adenosine - ADP - Lactate ### Question 7 What type of arterial hyperemia does develop at case of trigeminal neuralgia? - Work - Reactive - **Neurotonic** - Neuroparalytic - Metabolic ### Question 8 Obstruction ischemia develops as a result of: - **Complete obstruction of arteries** - Increase of blood pressure in capillaries - Squeezing of artery by a tumor - Reflex spasm of vessels - Capillary stasis ### Question 9 It is possible to look as sign of increase permeability of vessel walls without violation of their integrity after influence of damaging factors following: - **Diapedesis of red corpuscles** - Sclerosis of vessels - Increase of vessels elasticity - Large hemorrhages - Arterial hypotension ### Question 10 Embolism at caisson works is caused by: - Carbon dioxide - Fat - Argon - Oxygen - **Nitrogen** ### Question 11 The adverse result of thrombosis is: - Organization - Recanalization - **Septic autolysis** - Calculation - Aseptic autolysis ### Question 12 Occlusion of lymphatic or blood vessels by the particles which are not present in blood and lymph in norm is named: - Fibrinolysis - Stasis - Ischemia - Thrombosis - **Embolism** ### Question 13 What complication does appear at arterial hyperemia? - Necrosis - Infarction development - Connective tissue growth - Autoimmune process - **Rupture of vessels** ### Question 14 Pale color of skin and decrease in local temperature are signs of: - Arterial hyperemia - Lymphostasis - Venous hyperemia - **Ischemia** - Sladge ### Question 15 Increasing of blood supply of organ or tissue because of the difficulty of blood outflow through the veins is named: - Venous hyperemia - Ischemic stasis - Arterial hyperemia - Obturative ischemia - **Venous hypertension** ### Question 16 Formation of thrombusm begins as a result of vessel endothelium damage and liberation of : - Adenosine triphosphate - **Serotonin** - Factor of thrombocytes activation - Histamine - Phospholipase A2 ### Question 17 What does disorders appear after cutting of vasoconstrictor nerves? - Neurotonic arterial hyperemia - Ischemia - Venous hyperemia - Reactive hyperemia - **Neuroparalytic arterial hyperemia** ### Question 18 What state does arise as a result of medicamentous blockade? - Angiospastic ischemia - Venous hyperemia - Neurotonic arterial hyperemia - **Neuroparalytic arterial hyperemia** - Obstruction ischemia ### Question 19 ?All belongs to pathological arterial hyperemia, except for: - Ultraviolet erythema - Inflammatory - Thermal - Infectious - **Working** ### Question 20 Intravital blood or lymph coagulation in vessels and in heart is named: - Venous hyperemia - **Thrombosis** - Arterial hyperemia - Ischemia - Stasis ### Question 21 After the action of damaging factors (high temperature, ionizing radiation) there is a sign of increased permeability of vascular walls (without their complete damage): - Increase of elasticity of vessels - Sclerosis of vessels - Plethora - **Diapedesis of erythrocytes** - Large hemorrhages ### Question 22 What types of local blood circulation violation in an abdominal cavity does take place during quickly removal of ascitic fluid? - Embolism - Thrombosis - Ischemia - **Arterial hyperemia** - Venous hyperemia ### Question 23 The skin will be a red color at: - **Arterial hyperemia** - Atherosclerosis - Ischemia - Venous hyperemia - Stasis ### Question 24 The increase of blood flow after its brief stopping is named: - **Reactive hyperemia** - Arterial hyperemia - Stasis - Ischemia - Venous hyperemia ### Question 25 Arterial hyperemia develops as a result of: - Decrease of blood filling - **Increase in blood filling** - Decrease blood flow - Increased blood flow - Stops blood flow ### Question 26 The ischemia is most dangerous for: - Liver - Lung - Muscles - **Brain** - Bones ### Question 27 What completion of thrombogenesis is most dangerous for a patient? - Calcification with recanalization - **Aseptic autolysis** - Septic autolysis - Organization without recanalization - Calcification of thrombus ### Question 28 The reason of venous hyperemia is: - Introduction of glucose - **Thrombosis of vessels** - Hyperproduction of vasopressin - Action of noradrenaline - Hyperproduction of aldosterone ### Question 29 The number of functioning functionate capillaries decreases at case of: - Venous hyperemia - Venous stasis - Neuroparalytic arterial hyperemia - Neurotonic arterial hyperemia - **Ischemia** ### Question 30 What disorders develop in case of mistaken intravenous infusion of oily solution? - **Fatty embolism** - Thrombosis - Bacterial embolism - Thrombophlebitis - Myocardial infarction ### Question 31 When does the embolus pass from the right part of heart to the left part of heart? - **Ventricular septal defect** - Pulmonary artery stenosis - Bacterial endocarditis - Mitral valvular insufficiency - Aortic stenosis ### Question 32 What does sludge-phenomenon mean? - Plasma hypercapnia - Angiospasm - Plasma hyperosmia - Thrombosis - **Aggregation of red corpuscles** ### Question 33 The serious consequences for organisms develops at ischemia of: - **Heart** - Splen - Lung - Kidneys - Intestines ### Question 34 Arterial hyperemia of neuroparalytic type develops at: - Paralysis of vasoconstrictive nerves - Thrombosis of microcirculation vessels - Irritation of vasodilating nerves - Excessive produce of noradrenaline - Ischemia of coronary vessels ### Question 35 Cooker burned hand by steam, that led to redness, edema, painful development in lesion area) Amount of what matter was increased in skin? - Lysine - **Histamine** - Glutamine - Thiamine - Tryphamine ### Question 36 Edema of tissues is typical for: - Hyperproteinemia - Ischemia - Thrombosis - All following - **Venous hyperemia** ### Question 37 What embolism does develop in a diver at the caisson disease? - Air - Tissue - Bacteria - Fatty - **Gas ** ### Question 38 Tissue thromboplastin is: - **III factor of blood coagulation** - IV factor of blood coagulation - VI factor of blood coagulation - VIII factor of blood coagulation - I factor of blood coagulation ### Question 39 What type of pulmonary artery embolism will develop at fracture of the right thigh-bone most likely? - Gas embolism - Tissue embolism - **Thromboembolism** - Fatty embolism - Air embolism ### Question 40 Disorders of coronary blood circulation arise in a man during the emotional reaction (anger). What is the cause of this phenomenon? - **Angiospastic ischemia** - Capillary stasis - Venous stasis - Venous hyperemia - Arterial hyperemia ### Question 41 An ischemia develop as a result of: - Decrease of blood flow - **Decrease of blood filling** - Increased blood flow - Deceleration of lymph outflow - Increase in blood filling ### Question 42 Venous hyperemia develops at: - **Vessel thrombosis** - Actions of noradrenaline - All following - Introduction of mesatoni - Myocardial infarction ### Question 43 What is the main clinical and pathophysiological sign of lymphokinesis insufficiency? - Edema - Heart attack - Stroke - Increase of blood circulatory volume - Spasm of vessels ### Question 44 Diameter of microcirculation vessels less than: - **100 micrometer** - 1000 micrometer - 500 micrometer - 200 micrometer - 1500 micrometer ### Question 45 The blood filling of tissues and organs at the ischemia: - **Decrease** - Without changes - Decrease at first, then increase - Can increase or decrease - Increase ### Question 46 What disorders develop at the irritation of parasympathetic nervous fibers? - **Neurotonic arterial hyperemia** - Heart attack - Neuroparalytic arterial hyperemia - Venous hyperemia - Ischemia ### Question 47 Physiological hyperemia develops at: - Release of allergic mediators - Action of chemical compounds - Inflammatory reaction - Action of microbial toxins - **Anger** ### Question 48 Hemorrhagic syndrome was appeared in the patient during the treatment of acute radiation disease. What does play the most important role in the pathogenesis of this syndrome? - Violation of vessels wall structure - Increase of anticoagulation system activity - Decrease of coagulation factors activity - **Thrombocytopenia** - Increase of fibrinolysis factors activity ### Question 49 How does metabolism change at arterial hyperemia? - **Increase** - Relax - Stop - Does not change - Decrease ### Question 50 Adhesion of red corpuscles to each other is named: - Hypercoagulation - Hemolysis - **Sladge-phenomenon** - Stasis - Thrombosis ### Question 51 Substance that temporarily increases permeability of microcirculatory vessels is: - Kalidine - Motiline - **Histamine** - Glucagon - Protease ### Question 52 The increase of bloodsupply of organ with the increase of its function is named: - **Working hyperemia** - Reactive hyperemia - Venous hyperemia - Vacation hyperemia - Inflammatory hyperemia ### Question 53 What substance does increase permeability of microcirculation vessel walls short-term? - Motilin - Kalidin - Glucagon - Protease - **Histamine** ### Question 54 What embolism does belong to endogenous? - Air embolism - Parasitic embolism - **Thromboembolism** - Gas embolism - Bacterial embolism ### Question 55 What organ is most sensitive at ischemia: - Peritoneum - Splen - **Brain** - Liver - Intestine ### Question 56 What embolism does develop at damage of large veins with negative blood pressure? - Bacteria - Parasitic - **Air** - Thromboembolism - Fatty ### Question 57 What kind of arterial hyperemia is typical for prosopalgia: - Metabolic - Reactive - Neuroparalytic - Working - **Neurotonic** ### Question 58 A blood motion stop in the vessels of microcirculation mainly in the capillaries is named: - Sladge - Spasm - **Stasis** - Atherosclerosis - Angioneurosis ### Question 59 In the patient with the wound of hand appeared an edemA) What stage of local circulation disorder did it take place in? - Arterial hyperemia - Stasis - Prestasis - **Venous hyperemia** - Arterial spasm ### Question 60 In the patient for investigation, thrombocytopenia was revealed which arose as a result of enhanced destruction of thrombocytes. What does group of thrombocytopenia belong to? - **Immune** - Thrombocytopenia of consumption - Dysregulation - Deficiency - Myelotoxic ### Question 61 ?What completion of thrombogenesis is most dangerous for a patient? - Septic autolysis - Organization without recanalization - Calcification with recanalization - Calcification of thrombus - Aseptic autolysis ### Question 62 Disorders of coronary blood circulation arise in a man during the emotional reaction (anger). What is the cause of this phenomenon? - Angiospastic ischemia - Capillary stasis - Venous stasis - Venous hyperemia - Arterial hyperemia ### Question 63 Blood clots formed in the left parts of heart may cause: - Pneumonia - **Kidney infarction** - Arrhythmia - Embolism of pulmonary artery - Tissue embolism ### Question 64 Pale color of skin and decrease in local temperature are signs of ?: - Venous hyperemia - Arterial hyperemia - **Ischemia** - Lymphostasis - Sladge ### Question 65 How does disorder of peripheral blood circulation is called when cyanosis, increase of volume of this area, lowering of local temperature take place? - Angiospastic ischemia - **Venous hyperemia** - Ischemic stasis - Sladge-phenomenon - Arterial hyperemia ### Question 66 Pale area of skin, loss of local temperature is typical for: - Sladge - Lymphostasis - Arterial hyperemia - Venous hyperemia - **Ischemia** ### Question 67 Hemorrhagic syndrome was appeared in the patient during the treatment of acute radiation disease. What does play the most important role in the pathogenesis of this syndrome? - Violation of vessels wall structure - Increase of anticoagulation system activity - Decrease of coagulation factors activity - **Thrombocytopenia** - Increase of fibrinolysis factors activity ### Question 68 - Image Analysis Diagram shows a diagram of human heart. There is the red clot in the left ventricle and the red part of the vessel (artery?) right above it. The question is: What is the change in the vessel right above the clot? Possible answers: - True stasis - Ischemic stasis - Venous hyperemia - Arterial hyperemia - Venous stasis **Answer:** **Ischemic stasis** ### Question 69 - Image Analysis Diagram shows a diagram of a vessel with a dark red area above it. The tissue surrounding the vessel is darker than the tissue underneath it. The question is: What is happening at the dark red area of the vessel? Possible answers: - Intestinal gangrene - Ischemic stroke - Ileofemoral thrombosis - Pulmonary infarction **Answer:** **Ileofemoral thrombosis** ### Question 70 - Image Analysis Diagram shows a diagram of a vessel with a blood clot inside. The questions is: What is the change in the vessel? Possible answers: - Thromboembolism - Gas - Fatty - Arial - Amniotic fluid **Answer:** **Thromboembolism** ### Question 71 - Image Analysis Diagram shows a diagram of a human heart. There is the red clot in the one of the arteries. The question is: What is the state illustrated by the clot? Possible answers: - Angiospastic - Functional - Compression - **Obstructive** - Metabolic **Answer:** **Obstructive** ### Question 72 - Image Analysis Diagram shows a diagram of a vessel with a dark red area above it. The tissue surrounding the vessel is darker than the tissue underneath it. The question is: What is the vessel that shown on the figure? Possible answers: - Portal vein - Splenic vein - Renal Vein - **Aorta** - Pulmonary trunk **Answer:** **Aorta** ### Question 73 - Image Analysis Diagram shows a diagram of a vessel with a blood clot inside. The questions is: What is the change in the vessel? Possible answers: - Aseptic autolysis - **Thromboembolism** - Narration - Organization - Recanalization **Answer:** **Thromboembolism** ### Question 74 - Image Analysis Diagram shows a diagram of a human heart. There is the red clot in the one of the arteries. The question is: What is the state illustrated by the clot? Possible answers: - Angiospastic - Functional - Compression - **Obstructive** - Metabolic **Answer:** **Obstructive** ### Question 75 - Image Analysis Diagram shows a diagram of a vessel with a dark red area above it. The tissue surrounding the vessel is darker than the tissue underneath it. The question is: What is the vessel that shown on the figure? Possible answers: - Portal vein - Splenic vein - Renal Vein - **Aorta** - Pulmonary trunk **Answer:** **Aorta** ### Question 76 - Image Analysis Diagram shows a diagram of a vessel with a blood clot inside. The questions is: What is the change in the vessel? Possible answers: - Aseptic autolysis - **Thromboembolism** - Narration - Organization - Recanalization **Answer:** **Thromboembolism**