Overview of Pain: GI Bleeding, Salicylism, and Tylenol Toxicity
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Overview of Pain: GI Bleeding, Salicylism, and Tylenol Toxicity

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary adverse effect associated with acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose?

  • Gastrointestinal bleeding
  • Cardiac arrhythmias
  • Hepatotoxicity and liver failure (correct)
  • Acute kidney injury
  • Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)?

  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Hypertension
  • Gastrointestinal bleeding
  • All of the above (correct)
  • Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of salicylism (salicylic acid toxicity)?

  • Diarrhea
  • Tinnitus (correct)
  • Constipation
  • Hypertension
  • Which of the following NSAID medications is a prescription-only drug?

    <p>Diclofenac (Voltaren)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic use of NSAIDs?

    <p>Both a and c</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical appearance of GI bleeding as described in the text?

    <p>Dark tarry stools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom of salicylism (salicylic acid toxicity) mentioned in the text?

    <p>Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect associated with acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose as described in the text?

    <p>Hepatotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) as mentioned in the text?

    <p>GI bleeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following NSAID medications is a prescription-only drug according to the text?

    <p>Celebrex (celecoxib)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect associated with the use of narcotics?

    <p>Sedation and respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a precaution for the use of narcotic analgesics?

    <p>Renal or hepatic dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of narcotic antagonists?

    <p>Binding to opiate receptor sites, thereby blocking opiates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common adverse reaction associated with the use of stimulants?

    <p>Dizziness and nervousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the use of amphetamine-based stimulants?

    <p>Epilepsy or convulsive states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic use of anticonvulsant medications?

    <p>Reducing seizure activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a precaution for the use of benzodiazepines?

    <p>Acute alcohol intoxication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary adverse effect associated with the use of tricyclic antidepressants?

    <p>Lethargy and apathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary therapeutic use of bisphosphonate medications?

    <p>Treating or preventing osteoporosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse reaction associated with the use of xanthine oxidase inhibitors?

    <p>Upset stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pain Relief Medications

    • GI bleeding can resemble coffee ground vomit
    • Aspirin toxicity can cause salicylism, which may exhibit signs and symptoms such as:
      • Dizziness
      • Tinnitus
      • Impaired hearing
      • Nausea and vomiting
      • Sweating
      • Rapid deep breathing
      • Confusion
      • Coma

    Acetaminophen (APAP)

    • Adverse reactions include:
      • Hepatotoxicity
      • Hepatic failure
    • Contraindications:
      • Patients with acute alcohol toxicity
      • Liver failure
      • Alcoholics
    • Note: Signs and symptoms of Tylenol overdose may not show for 24 hours
      • Nausea and vomiting
      • Tinnitus
      • Liver tenderness
      • Hypotension
      • Arrhythmias
      • Jaundice
      • Acute hepatic and renal failure

    NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)

    • OTC NSAIDs include:
      • Aleve (naproxen)
      • Advil/Motrin (ibuprofen)
    • RX NSAIDs include:
      • Celebrex (celecoxib)
      • Voltaren (diclofenac)
      • Mobic (meloxicam)
    • Adverse reactions include:
      • GI upset
      • Abdominal pain
    • Contraindications:
      • GI bleeds
      • Patients on anticoagulants or blood thinners

    Tylenol 3

    • Combination of acetaminophen and codeine
    • Adverse reactions include:
      • Drowsiness
      • State of sedation
      • Respiratory depression
    • Precautions:
      • Renal or hepatic impairment

    Narcotics

    • Used for moderate to severe pain relief
    • Examples include:
      • Duragesic (fentanyl)
      • Demerol (meperidine)
      • Dolophine (methadone)
      • Morphine
      • OxyContin (oxycodone)
      • Norco/Vicodin (hydrocodone)
    • Adverse reactions include:
      • Nausea and vomiting
      • Sweating
      • Increased blood pressure
      • Tremors
      • Tachycardia
      • Sedation
      • Respiratory depression
      • Pinpoint pupils
    • Contraindications:
      • Renal or hepatic dysfunction
    • Precautions:
      • Elderly patients with confusion
      • Liver problems
      • History of addiction

    Non-Narcotic Analgesic

    • Ultram (tramadol) is a common non-narcotic analgesic
    • Has anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects
    • Precautions:
      • Can cause nephrotoxicity

    Narcotic Antagonists

    • Used to reverse the effects of a narcotic overdose
    • Example: Narcan (naloxone)
    • Action: binds to opiate receptor sites, blocking opiates
    • Adverse reactions include:
      • Nausea and vomiting
      • Sweating
      • Tachycardia
      • Increased blood pressure
      • Tremors
    • Precautions:
      • CV disease
      • Liver failure

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    Description

    This quiz provides an overview of pain management focusing on gastrointestinal bleeding, salicylism signs and symptoms like dizziness and tinnitus, as well as Tylenol (acetaminophen) adverse reactions such as hepatic failure. Test your knowledge on contraindications and manifestations of these conditions.

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